{"id":10903,"date":"2023-11-03T16:15:37","date_gmt":"2023-11-03T16:15:37","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.sanatateafemeii.md\/?page_id=879"},"modified":"2023-11-09T13:09:07","modified_gmt":"2023-11-09T10:09:07","slug":"contraceptivele-orale-combinate","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/cidsr.md\/en\/resurses\/planificarea-familiala\/contraceptivele-orale-combinate\/","title":{"rendered":"Combined oral contraceptives","raw":"Combined oral contraceptives"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #0080bf;\"><strong>What Are Combined Oral Contraceptives?<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-960 alignright\" src=\"https:\/\/cidsr.md\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/09\/COC-300x190.jpg\" alt=\"COC\" width=\"251\" height=\"159\" \/><br \/>\n<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Pills that contain low doses of 2 hormones\u2014a progestin and an estrogen\u2014like the natural hormones progesterone and estrogen in a woman\u2019s body.<\/li>\n<li>Combined oral contraceptives (COCs) are also called \u201cthe Pill,\u201d low-dose combined pills, OCPs, and OCs.<\/li>\n<li>Work primarily by preventing the release of eggs from the ovaries (ovulation).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n[accordion clicktoclose=true][accordion-item title=&#8221;How Effective<strong>?<\/strong>&#8220;]\n<p><strong>Effectiveness depends on the user:<\/strong> Risk of pregnancy is greatest when a woman starts a new pill pack 3 or more days late, or misses 3 or more pills near the beginning or end of a pill pack.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>As commonly used, about 8 pregnancies yy per 100 women using COCs over the first year. This means that 92 of every 100 women using COCs will not become pregnant.<\/li>\n<li>When no pill-taking mistakes are made, less than 1 pregnancy per 100 women using COCs over the first year (3 per 1,000 women).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Return of fertility after COCs are stopped:<\/strong> No delay<br \/>\n<strong>Protection against sexually transmitted infections (STIs):<\/strong> None<\/p>\n[\/accordion-item][accordion-item title=&#8221;Side Effects&#8221;]\n<p><strong>Side Effects<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Some users report the following:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Changes in bleeding patterns including:<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px;\">&#8211; Lighter bleeding and fewer days of bleeding<br \/>\n\u2013 Irregular bleeding<br \/>\n\u2013 Infrequent bleeding<br \/>\n\u2013 No monthly bleeding<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Headaches<\/li>\n<li>Dizziness<\/li>\n<li>Nausea<\/li>\n<li>Breast tenderness<\/li>\n<li>Weight change<\/li>\n<li>Mood changes<\/li>\n<li>Acne (can improve or worsen, but usually improves)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Other possible physical changes:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Blood pressure increases a few points (mm Hg). When increase is due to COCs, blood pressure declines quickly after use of COCs stops.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n[\/accordion-item][accordion-item title=&#8221;<strong>Health Benefits<\/strong><strong>\u00a0and Known Health Risks<\/strong>&#8220;]\n<p><strong>Health Benefits<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Help protect against:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Risks of pregnancy<\/li>\n<li>Cancer of the lining of the uterus (endometrial cancer)<\/li>\n<li>Cancer of the ovary<\/li>\n<li>Symptomatic pelvic inflammatory disease<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>May help protect against:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Ovarian cysts<\/li>\n<li>Iron-deficiency anemia<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Reduce:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Menstrual cramps<\/li>\n<li>Menstrual bleeding problems<\/li>\n<li>Ovulation pain<\/li>\n<li>Excess hair on face or body<\/li>\n<li>Symptoms of polycystic ovarian syndrome (irregular bleeding, acne, excess hair on face or body)<\/li>\n<li>Symptoms of endometriosis (pelvic pain, irregular bleeding)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Known Health Risks<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Very rare:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Blood clot in deep veins of legs or lungs (deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Extremely rare:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Stroke<\/li>\n<li>Heart attack<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n[\/accordion-item][accordion-item title=&#8221;<strong>Who Can and Cannot Use Combined Oral Contraceptives<\/strong>&#8220;]\n<p><strong>Safe and Suitable for Nearly All Women<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Nearly all women can use COCs safely and effectively, including women who:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Au n\u0103scut sau nu au n\u0103scut<\/li>\n<li>Have or have not had children<\/li>\n<li>Are not married<\/li>\n<li>Are of any age, including adolescents and women over 40 years old<\/li>\n<li>Have just had an abortion or miscarriage<\/li>\n<li>Smoke cigarettes\u2014if under 35 years old<\/li>\n<li>Have anemia now or had in the past<\/li>\n<li>Have varicose veins<\/li>\n<li>Are infected with HIV, whether or not on antiretroviral therapy, unless that therapy includes ritonavir<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Women can begin using COCs:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Without a pelvic examination<\/li>\n<li>Without any blood tests or other routine laboratory tests<\/li>\n<li>Without cervical cancer screening<\/li>\n<li>Without a breast examination<\/li>\n<li>Even when a woman is not having monthly bleeding at the time, if it is reasonably certain she is not pregnant<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n[\/accordion-item][accordion-item title=&#8221;Correcting Misunderstandings &#8220;]\n<p>Combined oral contraceptives:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Do not build up in a woman\u2019s body. Women do not need a \u201crest\u201d from taking COCs.<\/li>\n<li>Must be taken every day, whether or not a woman has sex that day.<\/li>\n<li>Do not make women infertile.<\/li>\n<li>Do not cause birth defects or multiple births.<\/li>\n<li>Do not change women\u2019s sexual behavior.<\/li>\n<li>Do not collect in the stomach. Instead, the pill dissolves each day.<\/li>\n<li>Do not disrupt an existing pregnancy.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n[\/accordion-item][accordion-item title=&#8221;Managing Any Problems&#8221;]\n<strong>Problems Reported as Side Effects or Problems With Use<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Missed pills<\/li>\n<li>Irregular bleeding (bleeding at unexpected times that bothers the client)<\/li>\n<li>No monthly bleeding<\/li>\n<li>Ordinary headaches (nonmigrainous)<\/li>\n<li>Nausea or dizziness<\/li>\n<li>Breast tenderness<\/li>\n<li>Weight change<\/li>\n<li>Mood changes or changes in sex drive<\/li>\n<li>Acne<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>New Problems That May Require Switching Methods<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Unexplained vaginal bleeding (that suggests a medical condition not related to the method) or heavy or prolonged bleeding<\/li>\n<li>Starting treatment with anticonvulsants, rifampicin, rifabutin, or ritonavir<\/li>\n<li>Migraine headaches<\/li>\n<li>Circumstances that will keep her from walking for one week or more<\/li>\n<li>Certain serious health conditions (suspected heart or serious liver disease, high blood pressure, blood clots in deep veins of legs or lungs, stroke, breast cancer, damage to arteries, vision, kidneys, or nervous system caused by diabetes, or gall bladder disease).<\/li>\n<li>Suspected pregnancy<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Contact\u00a0your doctor if you have any of the problems listed above.<\/strong><\/p>\n[\/accordion-item][accordion-item title=&#8221;Managing Missed Pills&#8221;]\n<p>It is easy to forget a pill or to be late in taking it. COC users should know what to do if they forget to take pills. If a woman misses one or more pills, she should follow the instructions below.<\/p>\n<p>Riscul unei sarcini nedorite va creste \u00een dependen\u021b\u0103 de c\u00eete pastile a\u021bi uitat s\u0103 lua\u021bi.<\/p>\n<p>1. Take a missed hormonal pill as soon as possible.<br \/>\n2. Missed 1 or 2 pills:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">&#8211; Take a hormonal pill as soon as possible.<br \/>\n&#8211; Use a backup method for the next 7 days<br \/>\n&#8211; Also, if you\u00a0had\u00a0sex in the past 5 days, can consider Emergency Contraceptive Pills.<\/p>\n[\/accordion-item][accordion-item title=&#8221;Questions and Answers About Combined Oral Contraceptives&#8221;]\n<p><strong>1. Should a woman take a \u201crest\u201d from COCs after taking them for a time? <\/strong><br \/>\nNo. There is no evidence that taking a \u201crest\u201d is helpful. In fact, taking a \u201crest\u201d from COCs can lead to unintended pregnancy. COCs can safely be used for many years without having to stop taking them periodically.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2. If a woman has been taking COCs for a long time, will she still be protected from pregnancy after she stops taking COCs?<\/strong><br \/>\nNo. A woman is protected only as long as she takes her pills regularly.<\/p>\n<p><strong>3. How long does it take to become pregnant after stopping COCs? <\/strong><br \/>\nWomen who stop using COCs can become pregnant as quickly as women who stop nonhormonal methods. COCs do not delay the return of a woman\u2019s fertility after she stops taking them. The bleeding pattern a woman had before she used COCs generally returns after she stops taking them. Some women may have to wait a few months before their usual bleeding pattern returns.<\/p>\n<p><strong>4. Do COCs cause abortion? <\/strong><br \/>\nNo. Research on COCs finds that they do not disrupt an existing pregnancy. They should not be used to try to cause an abortion. They will not do so.<\/p>\n<p><strong>5. Do COCs cause birth defects? Will the fetus be harmed if a woman accidentally takes COCs while she is pregnant? <\/strong><br \/>\nNo. Good evidence shows that COCs will not cause birth defects and will not otherwise harm the fetus if a woman becomes pregnant while taking COCs or accidentally starts to take COCs when she is already pregnant.<\/p>\n<p><strong>6. Do COCs cause women to gain or lose a lot of weight? <\/strong><br \/>\nNo. Most women do not gain or lose weight due to COCs. Weight changes naturally as life circumstances change and as people age. Because these changes in weight are so common, many women think that COCs cause these gains or losses in weight. Studies find, however, that, on average, COCs do not affect weight. A few women experience sudden changes in weight when using COCs. These changes reverse after they stop taking COCs. It is not known why these women respond to COCs in this way.<\/p>\n<p><strong>7. Do COCs change women\u2019s mood or sex drive?<\/strong><br \/>\nGenerally, no. Some women using COCs report these complaints. The great majority of COC users do not report any such changes, however, and some report that both mood and sex drive improve. It is difficult to tell whether such changes are due to the COCs or to other reasons. Providers can help a client with these problems . There is no evidence that COCs affect women\u2019s sexual behavior.<\/p>\n<p><strong>8. What can a provider say to a client asking about COCs and breast cancer? <\/strong><br \/>\nThe provider can point out that both COC users and women who do not use COCs can have breast cancer. In scientific studies breast cancer was slightly more common among women using COCs and those who had used COCs in the past 10 years than among other women. Scientists do not know whether or not COCs actually caused the slight increase in breast cancers. It is possible that the cancers were already there before COC use but were found sooner in COC users .<\/p>\n<p><strong>9. Can COCs be used as a pregnancy test?<\/strong><br \/>\nNo. A woman may experience some vaginal bleeding (a \u201cwithdrawal bleed\u201d) as a result of taking several COCs or one full cycle of COCs, but studies suggest that this practice does not accurately identify who is or is not pregnant. Thus, giving a woman COCs to see if she has bleeding later is not recommended as a way to tell if she is pregnant. COCs should not be given to women as a pregnancy test of sorts because they do not produce accurate results.<\/p>\n<p><strong>10.\u00a0Must a woman have a pelvic examination before she can start COCs or at follow-up visits?<\/strong><br \/>\nNo. Instead, asking the right questions usually can help to make reasonably certain that a woman is not pregnant. No condition that could be detected by a pelvic examination rules out COC use.<\/p>\n<p><strong>11. Can women with varicose veins use COCs?<\/strong><br \/>\nYes. COCs are safe for women with varicose veins. Varicose veins are enlarged blood vessels close to the surface of the skin. They are not dangerous. They are not blood clots, nor are these veins the deep veins in the legs where a blood clot can be dangerous (deep vein thrombosis). A woman who has or has had deep vein thrombosis should not use COCs.<\/p>\n<p><strong>12. Can a woman safely take COCs throughout her life?<\/strong><br \/>\nYes. There is no minimum or maximum age for COC use. COCs can be an appropriate method for most women from onset of monthly bleeding (menarche) to menopause.<\/p>\n<p><strong>13. Can women who smoke use COCs safely? <\/strong><br \/>\nWomen younger than age 35 who smoke can use low-dose COCs. Women age 35 and older who smoke should choose a method without estrogen or, if they smoke fewer than 15 cigarettes a day, monthly injectables. Older women who smoke can take the progestin-only pill if they prefer pills. All women who smoke should be urged to stop smoking.<\/p>\n<p><strong>14. What if a client wants to use COCs but it is not reasonably certain that she is not pregnant after using the pregnancy checklist?<\/strong><br \/>\nIf pregnancy tests are not available, a woman can be given COCs to take home with instructions to begin their use within 5 days after the start of her next monthly bleeding. She should use a backup method until then.<\/p>\n<p><strong>15. Can COCs be used as emergency contraceptive pills (ECPs) after unprotected sex?<\/strong><br \/>\nYes. As soon as possible, but no more than 5 days after unprotected sex, a woman can take COCs as ECPs. Progestin-only pills, however, are more effective and cause fewer side effects such as nausea and stomach upset.<\/p>\n<p><strong>16. What are the differences among monophasic, biphasic, and triphasic pills?<\/strong><br \/>\nMonophasic pills provide the same amount of estrogen and progestin in every hormonal pill. Biphasic and triphasic pills change the amount of estrogen and progestin at different points of the pill-taking cycle. For biphasic pills, the first 10 pills have one dosage, and then the next 11 pills have another level of estrogen and progestin. For triphasic pills, the first 7 or so pills have one dosage, the next 7 pills have another dosage, and the last 7 hormonal pills have yet another dosage. All prevent pregnancy in the same way. Differences in side effects, effectiveness, and continuation appear to be slight.<\/p>\n<p><strong>17.\u00a0Is it important for a woman to take her COCs at the same time each day?<\/strong><br \/>\nYes, for 2 reasons. Some side effects may be reduced by taking the pill at the same time each day. Also, taking a pill at the same time each day can help women remember to take their pills more consistently. Linking pill taking with a daily activity also helps women remember to take their pills.<\/p>\n[\/accordion-item][accordion-item title=&#8221;<strong>Where to address?<\/strong>&#8220;]\n<p>For a family planning consultation:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Ask your family doctor at your health care facility in your area of residence \u00a0(see\u00a0<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/cidsr.md\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/09\/Lista-MF-instruiti-in-PF.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">here<\/a><\/strong>). WARNING: if you belong to one of the socially vulnerable groups (see\u00a0<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/cidsr.md\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/ord-nr.-658-din-18.08.2015-Cu-privire-la-asigurarea-cu-contraceptive.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">here<\/a><\/strong>) you can benefit from free contraceptives!<\/li>\n<li>Ask \u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/new.neovita.md\/reteaua-cspt-2\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Youth Friendly Health Centers<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Call the RHTC \u00a0Hotline (free and confidential call) &#8211; 0800-088-08<\/li>\n<li>Call \u00a0RHTC\u00a0&#8211; 022355072 \/ 060903782 \/ 078306973<\/li>\n<li>Write to RHTC e-mail \u00a0&#8211;\u00a0<a href=\"mailto:cidsr2012@gmail.com\">cidsr2012@gmail.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong>[\/accordion-item][\/accordion]\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/cidsr.md\/planificarea-familiala\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-958 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/cidsr.md\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/09\/\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435-\u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u044b.png\" alt=\"\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u044b\" width=\"100\" height=\"45\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false,"raw":"<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #0080bf;\"><strong>What Are Combined Oral Contraceptives?<img class=\" wp-image-960 alignright\" src=\"https:\/\/cidsr.md\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/09\/COC-300x190.jpg\" alt=\"COC\" width=\"251\" height=\"159\" \/>\n<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n\n<ul>\n \t<li>Pills that contain low doses of 2 hormones\u2014a progestin and an estrogen\u2014like the natural hormones progesterone and estrogen in a woman\u2019s body.<\/li>\n \t<li>Combined oral contraceptives (COCs) are also called \u201cthe Pill,\u201d low-dose combined pills, OCPs, and OCs.<\/li>\n \t<li>Work primarily by preventing the release of eggs from the ovaries (ovulation).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n&nbsp;\n\n[accordion clicktoclose=true][accordion-item title=\"How Effective<strong>?<\/strong>\"]\n\n<strong>Effectiveness depends on the user:<\/strong> Risk of pregnancy is greatest when a woman starts a new pill pack 3 or more days late, or misses 3 or more pills near the beginning or end of a pill pack.\n<ul>\n \t<li>As commonly used, about 8 pregnancies yy per 100 women using COCs over the first year. This means that 92 of every 100 women using COCs will not become pregnant.<\/li>\n \t<li>When no pill-taking mistakes are made, less than 1 pregnancy per 100 women using COCs over the first year (3 per 1,000 women).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<strong>Return of fertility after COCs are stopped:<\/strong> No delay\n<strong>Protection against sexually transmitted infections (STIs):<\/strong> None\n\n[\/accordion-item][accordion-item title=\"Side Effects\"]\n\n<strong>Side Effects<\/strong>\n\nSome users report the following:\n<ul>\n \t<li>Changes in bleeding patterns including:<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px;\">- Lighter bleeding and fewer days of bleeding\n\u2013 Irregular bleeding\n\u2013 Infrequent bleeding\n\u2013 No monthly bleeding<\/p>\n\n<ul>\n \t<li>Headaches<\/li>\n \t<li>Dizziness<\/li>\n \t<li>Nausea<\/li>\n \t<li>Breast tenderness<\/li>\n \t<li>Weight change<\/li>\n \t<li>Mood changes<\/li>\n \t<li>Acne (can improve or worsen, but usually improves)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\nOther possible physical changes:\n<ul>\n \t<li>Blood pressure increases a few points (mm Hg). When increase is due to COCs, blood pressure declines quickly after use of COCs stops.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n[\/accordion-item][accordion-item title=\"<strong>Health Benefits<\/strong><strong>\u00a0and Known Health Risks<\/strong>\"]\n\n<strong>Health Benefits<\/strong>\n\nHelp protect against:\n<ul>\n \t<li>Risks of pregnancy<\/li>\n \t<li>Cancer of the lining of the uterus (endometrial cancer)<\/li>\n \t<li>Cancer of the ovary<\/li>\n \t<li>Symptomatic pelvic inflammatory disease<\/li>\n<\/ul>\nMay help protect against:\n<ul>\n \t<li>Ovarian cysts<\/li>\n \t<li>Iron-deficiency anemia<\/li>\n<\/ul>\nReduce:\n<ul>\n \t<li>Menstrual cramps<\/li>\n \t<li>Menstrual bleeding problems<\/li>\n \t<li>Ovulation pain<\/li>\n \t<li>Excess hair on face or body<\/li>\n \t<li>Symptoms of polycystic ovarian syndrome (irregular bleeding, acne, excess hair on face or body)<\/li>\n \t<li>Symptoms of endometriosis (pelvic pain, irregular bleeding)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n&nbsp;\n\n<strong>Known Health Risks<\/strong>\n\nVery rare:\n<ul>\n \t<li>Blood clot in deep veins of legs or lungs (deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\nExtremely rare:\n<ul>\n \t<li>Stroke<\/li>\n \t<li>Heart attack<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n[\/accordion-item][accordion-item title=\"<strong>Who Can and Cannot Use Combined Oral Contraceptives<\/strong>\"]\n\n<strong>Safe and Suitable for Nearly All Women<\/strong>\n\nNearly all women can use COCs safely and effectively, including women who:\n<ul>\n \t<li>Au n\u0103scut sau nu au n\u0103scut<\/li>\n \t<li>Have or have not had children<\/li>\n \t<li>Are not married<\/li>\n \t<li>Are of any age, including adolescents and women over 40 years old<\/li>\n \t<li>Have just had an abortion or miscarriage<\/li>\n \t<li>Smoke cigarettes\u2014if under 35 years old<\/li>\n \t<li>Have anemia now or had in the past<\/li>\n \t<li>Have varicose veins<\/li>\n \t<li>Are infected with HIV, whether or not on antiretroviral therapy, unless that therapy includes ritonavir<\/li>\n<\/ul>\nWomen can begin using COCs:\n<ul>\n \t<li>Without a pelvic examination<\/li>\n \t<li>Without any blood tests or other routine laboratory tests<\/li>\n \t<li>Without cervical cancer screening<\/li>\n \t<li>Without a breast examination<\/li>\n \t<li>Even when a woman is not having monthly bleeding at the time, if it is reasonably certain she is not pregnant<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n[\/accordion-item][accordion-item title=\"Correcting Misunderstandings \"]\n\nCombined oral contraceptives:\n<ul>\n \t<li>Do not build up in a woman\u2019s body. Women do not need a \u201crest\u201d from taking COCs.<\/li>\n \t<li>Must be taken every day, whether or not a woman has sex that day.<\/li>\n \t<li>Do not make women infertile.<\/li>\n \t<li>Do not cause birth defects or multiple births.<\/li>\n \t<li>Do not change women\u2019s sexual behavior.<\/li>\n \t<li>Do not collect in the stomach. Instead, the pill dissolves each day.<\/li>\n \t<li>Do not disrupt an existing pregnancy.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n[\/accordion-item][accordion-item title=\"Managing Any Problems\"]\n<strong>Problems Reported as Side Effects or Problems With Use<\/strong>:\n<ul>\n \t<li>Missed pills<\/li>\n \t<li>Irregular bleeding (bleeding at unexpected times that bothers the client)<\/li>\n \t<li>No monthly bleeding<\/li>\n \t<li>Ordinary headaches (nonmigrainous)<\/li>\n \t<li>Nausea or dizziness<\/li>\n \t<li>Breast tenderness<\/li>\n \t<li>Weight change<\/li>\n \t<li>Mood changes or changes in sex drive<\/li>\n \t<li>Acne<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<strong>New Problems That May Require Switching Methods<\/strong>\n<ul>\n \t<li>Unexplained vaginal bleeding (that suggests a medical condition not related to the method) or heavy or prolonged bleeding<\/li>\n \t<li>Starting treatment with anticonvulsants, rifampicin, rifabutin, or ritonavir<\/li>\n \t<li>Migraine headaches<\/li>\n \t<li>Circumstances that will keep her from walking for one week or more<\/li>\n \t<li>Certain serious health conditions (suspected heart or serious liver disease, high blood pressure, blood clots in deep veins of legs or lungs, stroke, breast cancer, damage to arteries, vision, kidneys, or nervous system caused by diabetes, or gall bladder disease).<\/li>\n \t<li>Suspected pregnancy<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<strong>Contact\u00a0your doctor if you have any of the problems listed above.<\/strong>\n\n[\/accordion-item][accordion-item title=\"Managing Missed Pills\"]\n\nIt is easy to forget a pill or to be late in taking it. COC users should know what to do if they forget to take pills. If a woman misses one or more pills, she should follow the instructions below.\n\nRiscul unei sarcini nedorite va creste \u00een dependen\u021b\u0103 de c\u00eete pastile a\u021bi uitat s\u0103 lua\u021bi.\n\n1. Take a missed hormonal pill as soon as possible.\n2. Missed 1 or 2 pills:\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">- Take a hormonal pill as soon as possible.\n- Use a backup method for the next 7 days\n- Also, if you\u00a0had\u00a0sex in the past 5 days, can consider Emergency Contraceptive Pills.<\/p>\n[\/accordion-item][accordion-item title=\"Questions and Answers About Combined Oral Contraceptives\"]\n\n<strong>1. Should a woman take a \u201crest\u201d from COCs after taking them for a time? <\/strong>\nNo. There is no evidence that taking a \u201crest\u201d is helpful. In fact, taking a \u201crest\u201d from COCs can lead to unintended pregnancy. COCs can safely be used for many years without having to stop taking them periodically.\n\n<strong>2. If a woman has been taking COCs for a long time, will she still be protected from pregnancy after she stops taking COCs?<\/strong>\nNo. A woman is protected only as long as she takes her pills regularly.\n\n<strong>3. How long does it take to become pregnant after stopping COCs? <\/strong>\nWomen who stop using COCs can become pregnant as quickly as women who stop nonhormonal methods. COCs do not delay the return of a woman\u2019s fertility after she stops taking them. The bleeding pattern a woman had before she used COCs generally returns after she stops taking them. Some women may have to wait a few months before their usual bleeding pattern returns.\n\n<strong>4. Do COCs cause abortion? <\/strong>\nNo. Research on COCs finds that they do not disrupt an existing pregnancy. They should not be used to try to cause an abortion. They will not do so.\n\n<strong>5. Do COCs cause birth defects? Will the fetus be harmed if a woman accidentally takes COCs while she is pregnant? <\/strong>\nNo. Good evidence shows that COCs will not cause birth defects and will not otherwise harm the fetus if a woman becomes pregnant while taking COCs or accidentally starts to take COCs when she is already pregnant.\n\n<strong>6. Do COCs cause women to gain or lose a lot of weight? <\/strong>\nNo. Most women do not gain or lose weight due to COCs. Weight changes naturally as life circumstances change and as people age. Because these changes in weight are so common, many women think that COCs cause these gains or losses in weight. Studies find, however, that, on average, COCs do not affect weight. A few women experience sudden changes in weight when using COCs. These changes reverse after they stop taking COCs. It is not known why these women respond to COCs in this way.\n\n<strong>7. Do COCs change women\u2019s mood or sex drive?<\/strong>\nGenerally, no. Some women using COCs report these complaints. The great majority of COC users do not report any such changes, however, and some report that both mood and sex drive improve. It is difficult to tell whether such changes are due to the COCs or to other reasons. Providers can help a client with these problems . There is no evidence that COCs affect women\u2019s sexual behavior.\n\n<strong>8. What can a provider say to a client asking about COCs and breast cancer? <\/strong>\nThe provider can point out that both COC users and women who do not use COCs can have breast cancer. In scientific studies breast cancer was slightly more common among women using COCs and those who had used COCs in the past 10 years than among other women. Scientists do not know whether or not COCs actually caused the slight increase in breast cancers. It is possible that the cancers were already there before COC use but were found sooner in COC users .\n\n<strong>9. Can COCs be used as a pregnancy test?<\/strong>\nNo. A woman may experience some vaginal bleeding (a \u201cwithdrawal bleed\u201d) as a result of taking several COCs or one full cycle of COCs, but studies suggest that this practice does not accurately identify who is or is not pregnant. Thus, giving a woman COCs to see if she has bleeding later is not recommended as a way to tell if she is pregnant. COCs should not be given to women as a pregnancy test of sorts because they do not produce accurate results.\n\n<strong>10.\u00a0Must a woman have a pelvic examination before she can start COCs or at follow-up visits?<\/strong>\nNo. Instead, asking the right questions usually can help to make reasonably certain that a woman is not pregnant. No condition that could be detected by a pelvic examination rules out COC use.\n\n<strong>11. Can women with varicose veins use COCs?<\/strong>\nYes. COCs are safe for women with varicose veins. Varicose veins are enlarged blood vessels close to the surface of the skin. They are not dangerous. They are not blood clots, nor are these veins the deep veins in the legs where a blood clot can be dangerous (deep vein thrombosis). A woman who has or has had deep vein thrombosis should not use COCs.\n\n<strong>12. Can a woman safely take COCs throughout her life?<\/strong>\nYes. There is no minimum or maximum age for COC use. COCs can be an appropriate method for most women from onset of monthly bleeding (menarche) to menopause.\n\n<strong>13. Can women who smoke use COCs safely? <\/strong>\nWomen younger than age 35 who smoke can use low-dose COCs. Women age 35 and older who smoke should choose a method without estrogen or, if they smoke fewer than 15 cigarettes a day, monthly injectables. Older women who smoke can take the progestin-only pill if they prefer pills. All women who smoke should be urged to stop smoking.\n\n<strong>14. What if a client wants to use COCs but it is not reasonably certain that she is not pregnant after using the pregnancy checklist?<\/strong>\nIf pregnancy tests are not available, a woman can be given COCs to take home with instructions to begin their use within 5 days after the start of her next monthly bleeding. She should use a backup method until then.\n\n<strong>15. Can COCs be used as emergency contraceptive pills (ECPs) after unprotected sex?<\/strong>\nYes. As soon as possible, but no more than 5 days after unprotected sex, a woman can take COCs as ECPs. Progestin-only pills, however, are more effective and cause fewer side effects such as nausea and stomach upset.\n\n<strong>16. What are the differences among monophasic, biphasic, and triphasic pills?<\/strong>\nMonophasic pills provide the same amount of estrogen and progestin in every hormonal pill. Biphasic and triphasic pills change the amount of estrogen and progestin at different points of the pill-taking cycle. For biphasic pills, the first 10 pills have one dosage, and then the next 11 pills have another level of estrogen and progestin. For triphasic pills, the first 7 or so pills have one dosage, the next 7 pills have another dosage, and the last 7 hormonal pills have yet another dosage. All prevent pregnancy in the same way. Differences in side effects, effectiveness, and continuation appear to be slight.\n\n<strong>17.\u00a0Is it important for a woman to take her COCs at the same time each day?<\/strong>\nYes, for 2 reasons. Some side effects may be reduced by taking the pill at the same time each day. Also, taking a pill at the same time each day can help women remember to take their pills more consistently. Linking pill taking with a daily activity also helps women remember to take their pills.\n\n[\/accordion-item][accordion-item title=\"<strong>Where to address?<\/strong>\"]\n\nFor a family planning consultation:\n<ul>\n \t<li>Ask your family doctor at your health care facility in your area of residence \u00a0(see\u00a0<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/cidsr.md\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/09\/Lista-MF-instruiti-in-PF.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">here<\/a><\/strong>). WARNING: if you belong to one of the socially vulnerable groups (see\u00a0<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/cidsr.md\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/ord-nr.-658-din-18.08.2015-Cu-privire-la-asigurarea-cu-contraceptive.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">here<\/a><\/strong>) you can benefit from free contraceptives!<\/li>\n \t<li>Ask \u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/new.neovita.md\/reteaua-cspt-2\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Youth Friendly Health Centers<\/a><\/li>\n \t<li>Call the RHTC \u00a0Hotline (free and confidential call) - 0800-088-08<\/li>\n \t<li>Call \u00a0RHTC\u00a0- 022355072 \/ 060903782 \/ 078306973<\/li>\n \t<li>Write to RHTC e-mail \u00a0-\u00a0<a href=\"mailto:cidsr2012@gmail.com\">cidsr2012@gmail.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<strong>\u00a0<\/strong>[\/accordion-item][\/accordion]\n\n&nbsp;\n\n<a href=\"https:\/\/cidsr.md\/planificarea-familiala\"><img class=\"size-full wp-image-958 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/cidsr.md\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/09\/\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435-\u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u044b.png\" alt=\"\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u044b\" width=\"100\" height=\"45\" \/><\/a>"},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false,"raw":""},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"parent":983,"menu_order":999,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"page-text.php","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_ru_post_content":"<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #0080bf;\"><strong>\u0427\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0442 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0431\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043e\u0440\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0435\u043f\u0442\u0438\u0432\u044b?<img class=\" wp-image-960 alignright\" src=\"https:\/\/cidsr.md\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/09\/COC-300x190.jpg\" alt=\"COC\" width=\"251\" height=\"159\" \/><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n\n<ul>\n \t<li>\u0422\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0438, \u0441\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u043c\u0430\u043b\u044b\u0435 \u0434\u043e\u0437\u044b \u0434\u0432\u0443\u0445 \u0433\u043e\u0440\u043c\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0432 \u2013 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u0438 \u044d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0435\u043d\u0430, \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0445\u0441\u044f \u0438\u0441\u043a\u0443\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0435\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0433\u043e\u0440\u043c\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0432 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0430 \u0438 \u044d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0435\u043d\u0430.<\/li>\n \t<li>\u041a\u043e\u043c\u0431\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043e\u0440\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0435\u043f\u0442\u0438\u0432\u044b (\u041a\u041e\u041a) \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u044b \u043a\u0430\u043a \u00ab\u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0438\u00bb, \u043d\u0438\u0437\u043a\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0437\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0431\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0438, \u041e\u041a\u0422 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u041e\u041a.<\/li>\n \t<li>\u041e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u0435\u0445\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u043c \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u044f \u041a\u041e\u041a \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0431\u043b\u043e\u043a\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0432\u044b\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u044f\u0439\u0446\u0435\u043a\u043b\u0435\u0442\u043e\u043a \u0438\u0437 \u044f\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432 (\u043e\u0432\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0446\u0438\u0438).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n[accordion][accordion-item title=\"<strong>\u041a\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u044d\u0444\u0444\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434\u0430?<\/strong>\"]\n\n<strong>\u042d\u0444\u0444\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0438\u0442 \u043e\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f:<\/strong> \u0420\u0438\u0441\u043a \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0431\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0438\u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u0441\u043e\u043a \u0432 \u0442\u0435\u0445 \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u044f\u0445, \u043a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u0436\u0435\u043d\u0449\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u043e\u043f\u0430\u0437\u0434\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0441 \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u043e\u043c \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0435\u043c\u0430 \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0435\u0442\u043e\u043a \u0438\u0437 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0443\u043f\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0438 \u043d\u0430 3 \u0438 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u0434\u043d\u0435\u0439, \u043b\u0438\u0431\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0435\u043c 3-\u0445 \u0438 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0435\u0442\u043e\u043a \u0438\u0437 \u043d\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u0430\u043d\u0447\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0439\u0441\u044f \u0443\u043f\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0438.\n<ul>\n \t<li>\u041f\u0440\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0445\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0430 100 \u0436\u0435\u043d\u0449\u0438\u043d, \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u041a\u041e\u041a \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u0433\u043e\u0434, \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b\u043e 8 \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0432 \u043d\u0435\u0437\u0430\u043f\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0431\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438. \u042d\u0442\u043e \u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442, \u0447\u0442\u043e 92 \u0438\u0437 100 \u0436\u0435\u043d\u0449\u0438\u043d, \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0445\u0441\u044f \u041a\u041e\u041a, \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0433\u043d\u0443\u0442 \u0436\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0433\u043e \u044d\u0444\u0444\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430 (\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u0442 \u0431\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438).<\/li>\n \t<li>\u041f\u0440\u0438 \u043d\u0435\u0443\u043a\u043e\u0441\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0441\u043e\u0431\u043b\u044e\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0441\u0445\u0435\u043c\u044b \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0435\u043c\u0430 \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0435\u0442\u043e\u043a, \u043d\u0430 100 \u0436\u0435\u043d\u0449\u0438\u043d, \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u041a\u041e\u041a \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u0433\u043e\u0434, \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0435 1 \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u044f \u043d\u0435\u0437\u0430\u043f\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0431\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 (3 \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u044f \u043d\u0430 1 \u0442\u044b\u0441. \u0436\u0435\u043d\u0449\u0438\u043d).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<strong>\u0412\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0444\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u043e\u0442\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044b \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434\u0430<\/strong>: \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u043d\u0435\u043c\u0435\u0434\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e.\n<strong>\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0444\u0438\u043b\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u0438\u043d\u0444\u0435\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0439, \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0445\u0441\u044f \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u044b\u043c \u043f\u0443\u0442\u0435\u043c (\u0418\u041f\u041f\u041f)<\/strong>: \u043d\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0447\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f.\n\n[\/accordion-item][accordion-item title=\"<strong>\u041f\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u044d\u0444\u0444\u0435\u043a\u0442\u044b, \u0431\u043b\u0430\u0433\u043e\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0432\u043b\u0438\u044f\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0438 \u0440\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0437\u0434\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432\u044c\u044f<\/strong>\"]\n\n<strong>\u041f\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u044d\u0444\u0444\u0435\u043a\u0442\u044b<\/strong>\n\n\u041d\u0435\u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u041a\u041e\u041a \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0431\u0449\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u043e \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u044d\u0444\u0444\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0432:\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px;\">-\u00a0 \u0421\u043d\u0438\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0441\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043c\u0435\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043a\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0442\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px;\">\u2013 \u041d\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u0433\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043c\u0435\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043a\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0442\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px;\">\u2013 \u0420\u0435\u0434\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px;\">\u2013 \u041e\u0442\u0441\u0443\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0439<\/p>\n\n<ul>\n \t<li>\u0413\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0438<\/li>\n \t<li>\u0413\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435<\/li>\n \t<li>\u0422\u043e\u0448\u043d\u043e\u0442\u0430<\/li>\n \t<li>\u0411\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0437\u043d\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043c\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0436\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0437<\/li>\n \t<li>\u0418\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0432\u0435\u0441\u0430<\/li>\n \t<li>\u041f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043f\u0430\u0434\u044b \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f<\/li>\n \t<li>\u041f\u043e\u044f\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0443\u0433\u0440\u0435\u0439 (\u0432 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0432 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0441\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0443\u0433\u0440\u0435\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u0432\u044b\u0441\u044b\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043c \u0441\u043d\u0438\u0436\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f, \u0438\u043d\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0441\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0432\u044b\u0441\u044b\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0443\u0432\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\u0414\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u0435 \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0433\u0443\u0442 \u0441\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0436\u0434\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0435\u043c \u041a\u041e\u041a, \u0432\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430\u044e\u0442:\n<ul>\n \t<li>\u041d\u0435\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0430\u0440\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0434\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f (\u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043c\u043c. \u0440\u0442.\u0441\u0442.). \u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0430\u0440\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0434\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432\u044b\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0435\u043c\u043e\u043c \u041a\u041e\u041a, \u0442\u043e \u0434\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0431\u044b\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043a \u043e\u0431\u044b\u0447\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044e \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u043e\u0442\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044b \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434\u0430.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<strong>\u0423\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u044b \u0431\u043b\u0430\u0433\u043e\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u043b\u0438\u044f\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0437\u0434\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432\u044c\u0435<\/strong>\n\n\u041e\u0431\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0447\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0444\u0438\u043b\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0443:\n<ul>\n \t<li>\u0420\u0438\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0432, \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0441 \u0431\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c\u044e<\/li>\n \t<li>\u0420\u0430\u043a\u0430 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u043a\u0438 (\u0440\u0430\u043a \u044d\u043d\u0434\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0438\u044f)<\/li>\n \t<li>\u0420\u0430\u043a\u0430 \u044f\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432<\/li>\n \t<li>\u0421\u0438\u043c\u043f\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0432\u043e\u0441\u043f\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0437\u0430\u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432 \u043c\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0442\u0430\u0437\u0430<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\u041c\u043e\u0433\u0443\u0442 \u043e\u0431\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0447\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0444\u0438\u043b\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0443:\n<ul>\n \t<li>\u043a\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0437\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043a\u0438\u0441\u0442 \u044f\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432<\/li>\n \t<li>\u0416\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0437\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0444\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0430\u043d\u0435\u043c\u0438\u0438<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\u0421\u043d\u0438\u0436\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0432\u044b\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c:\n<ul>\n \t<li>\u041c\u0435\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0439<\/li>\n \t<li>\u041d\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043c\u0435\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0446\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430<\/li>\n \t<li>\u041e\u0432\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0439<\/li>\n \t<li>\u041e\u0432\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0441\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u043b\u0438\u0446\u0435 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435<\/li>\n \t<li>\u0421\u0438\u043c\u043f\u0442\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0432, \u0432\u044b\u0437\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u0438\u043d\u0434\u0440\u043e\u043c\u043e\u043c \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0437\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u044f\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432 (\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0433\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438, \u043f\u043e\u044f\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u044b\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u0438 \u0438\u0437\u0431\u044b- \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0432\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0441\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u043b\u0438\u0446\u0435 \u0438 \u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435)<\/li>\n \t<li>\u0421\u0438\u043c\u043f\u0442\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0432 \u044d\u043d\u0434\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043e\u0437\u0430 (\u0442\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u044f \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c, \u043d\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0433\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<strong>\u0423\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0440\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0437\u0434\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432\u044c\u044f<\/strong>\n\n\u041e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u044c \u0440\u0435\u0434\u043a\u043e:\n<ul>\n \t<li>\u041e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0433\u0443\u0441\u0442\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u043a\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0438 \u0432 \u0433\u043b\u0443\u0431\u043e\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0432\u0435\u043d\u0430\u0445 \u043d\u0438\u0436\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0435\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0439 (\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043c\u0431\u043e\u0437 \u0433\u043b\u0443\u0431\u043e\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0432\u0435\u043d) \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043b\u0435\u0433\u043a\u0438\u0445 (\u043b\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0430\u044f \u044d\u043c\u0431\u043e\u043b\u0438\u044f)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\u041a\u0440\u0430\u0439\u043d\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u0434\u043a\u043e:\n<ul>\n \t<li>\u0418\u043d\u0441\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442<\/li>\n \t<li>\u0418\u043d\u0444\u0430\u0440\u043a\u0442 \u043c\u0438\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0440\u0434\u0430<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n[\/accordion-item][accordion-item title=\"<strong>\u041a\u0442\u043e \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0431\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u043e\u0440\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0435\u043f\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043c\u0438?<\/strong>\"]\n\n<strong>\u041a\u043e\u043c\u0431\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043e\u0440\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0435\u043f\u0442\u0438\u0432\u044b \u0431\u0435\u0437\u0432\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u044b \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0437\u0434\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432\u044c\u044f \u0438 \u043c\u043e\u0433\u0443\u0442 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0442\u0438 \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u043e\u0439 \u0436\u0435\u043d\u0449\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0439<\/strong>\n\n\u041a\u041e\u041a \u043c\u043e\u0433\u0443\u0442 \u0431\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e \u0438 \u044d\u0444\u0444\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0442\u0438 \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u043e\u0439 \u0436\u0435\u043d\u0449\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0439, \u0432\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430\u044f:\n<ul>\n \t<li>\u0420\u043e\u0436\u0430\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0445 \u0438 \u043d\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0436\u0430\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0445 \u0436\u0435\u043d\u0449\u0438\u043d<\/li>\n \t<li>\u041d\u0435\u0437\u0430\u043c\u0443\u0436\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0436\u0435\u043d\u0449\u0438\u043d<\/li>\n \t<li>\u0416\u0435\u043d\u0449\u0438\u043d \u043b\u044e\u0431\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0430 (\u0432\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430\u044f \u0434\u0435\u0432\u0443\u0448\u0435\u043a \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0430 \u0438 \u0436\u0435\u043d\u0449\u0438\u043d \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0448\u0435 40 \u043b\u0435\u0442)<\/li>\n \t<li>\u0416\u0435\u043d\u0449\u0438\u043d, \u043d\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0441\u0448\u0438\u0445 \u0438\u0441\u043a\u0443\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0430\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0442<\/li>\n \t<li>\u041a\u0443\u0440\u044f\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u0436\u0435\u043d\u0449\u0438\u043d (\u043d\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0448\u0435 35 \u043b\u0435\u0442)<\/li>\n \t<li>\u0416\u0435\u043d\u0449\u0438\u043d, \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u0430\u043d\u0435\u043c\u0438\u0435\u0439 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u0430\u043d\u0435\u043c\u0438\u044e \u0432 \u0430\u043d\u0430\u043c\u043d\u0435\u0437\u0435<\/li>\n \t<li>\u0416\u0435\u043d\u0449\u0438\u043d \u0441 \u0432\u0430\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0437\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0437\u0430\u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0432\u0435\u043d<\/li>\n \t<li>\u0412\u0418\u0427-\u0438\u043d\u0444\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0436\u0435\u043d\u0449\u0438\u043d, \u0432\u043d\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043e\u0442 \u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u0436\u0435\u043d\u0449\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u0432 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043c\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u043a\u0443\u0440\u0441 \u0430\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0438 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u0435\u0442<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\u0416\u0435\u043d\u0449\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043a \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e \u041a\u041e\u041a:\n<ul>\n \t<li>\u0411\u0435\u0437 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0433\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043a\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0431\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f<\/li>\n \t<li>\u0411\u0435\u0437 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430 \u043a\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0438 \u0438 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043b\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0442\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432<\/li>\n \t<li>\u0411\u0435\u0437 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0446\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u043a\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0438\u043d\u0433\u0430<\/li>\n \t<li>\u0411\u0435\u0437 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0431\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043c\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0436\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0437<\/li>\n \t<li>\u0414\u0430\u0436\u0435 \u0432 \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0435 \u043e\u0442\u0441\u0443\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u044f \u043c\u0435\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043a\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0442\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439, \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0430\u0433\u0430\u0442\u044c, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0436\u0435\u043d\u0449\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u0431\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n[\/accordion-item][accordion-item title=\"<strong>\u0420\u044f\u0434 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0437\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c\u043e \u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0433\u043d\u0443\u0442\u044c<\/strong>\"]\n\n\u041a\u043e\u043c\u0431\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043e\u0440\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0435\u043f\u0442\u0438\u0432\u044b:\n<ul>\n \t<li>\u041d\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u043a\u0430\u043f\u043b\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435 \u0436\u0435\u043d\u0449\u0438\u043d\u044b, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u043d\u0435 \u043d\u0443\u0436\u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u043a\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0439-\u043b\u0438\u0431\u043e \u0432\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0430\u0443\u0437\u0435 \u0432\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0435\u043c\u0430 \u041a\u041e\u041a.<\/li>\n \t<li>\u0421\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0435\u0436\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0435\u0432\u043d\u043e, \u0432\u043d\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043e\u0442 \u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e, \u0438\u043c\u0435\u043b\u0430 \u0436\u0435\u043d\u0449\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0443\u044e \u0431\u043b\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0432 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0442 \u0434\u0435\u043d\u044c \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u0435\u0442.<\/li>\n \t<li>\u041d\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0442 \u043a \u043f\u043e\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0435 \u0444\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438.<\/li>\n \t<li>\u041d\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0442 \u043a \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044e \u0432\u0440\u043e\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0434\u0435\u0444\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e\u043f\u043b\u043e\u0434\u0438\u044e.<\/li>\n \t<li>\u041d\u0435 \u0432\u043b\u0438\u044f\u044e\u0442 \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0436\u0435\u043d\u0449\u0438\u043d\u044b.<\/li>\n \t<li>\u041d\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u043a\u0430\u043f\u043b\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u043f\u0438\u0449\u0435\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0435. \u041f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044b\u0435 \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u044f\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0438 \u0432\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0438\u0437 \u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u043c\u0430 \u0432 \u0442\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0443\u0442\u043e\u043a.<\/li>\n \t<li>\u041d\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0448\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0442\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0443\u0436\u0435 \u0441\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u0431\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n[\/accordion-item][accordion-item title=\"<strong>\u0420\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c, \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0441 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434\u0430<\/strong>\"]\n<strong>\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u044b, \u043e\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0438\u043c\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f\u043c\u0438 \u043a \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u044f\u0434\u0443 \u043f\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u044d\u0444\u0444\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0432, \u043b\u0438\u0431\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u044b, \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u041a\u041e\u041a<\/strong>:\n<ul>\n \t<li>\u041f\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a \u043e\u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0438<\/li>\n \t<li>\u041d\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0433\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043a\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0442\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f (\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0449\u0438\u043d\u0443 \u0431\u0435\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0438\u0442 \u043d\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0433\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0445\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0435\u0440 \u043a\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0442\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439)<\/li>\n \t<li>\u041e\u0431\u044b\u0447\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0433\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c (\u043d\u0435 \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0441 \u043c\u0438\u0433\u0440\u0435\u043d\u044c\u044e)<\/li>\n \t<li>\u0422\u043e\u0448\u043d\u043e\u0442\u0430<\/li>\n \t<li>\u0411\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0437\u043d\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043c\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0436\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0437<\/li>\n \t<li>\u0418\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0432\u0435\u0441\u0430<\/li>\n \t<li>\u041f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043f\u0430\u0434\u044b \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043b\u0438\u0431\u0438\u0434\u043e<\/li>\n \t<li>\u0423\u0433\u0440\u0438<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<strong>\u0412\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0448\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0433\u0443\u0442 \u0442\u0440\u0435\u0431\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0441\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044b \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434\u0430<\/strong>\n<ul>\n \t<li>\u0412\u0430\u0433\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043a\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0442\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0435\u044f\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u044d\u0442\u0438\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0438 (\u043f\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0437\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435, \u043d\u0435 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0435 \u043e\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043a \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u041a\u041e\u041a), \u043b\u0438\u0431\u043e \u043e\u0431\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0442\u044f\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043a\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0442\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f<\/li>\n \t<li>\u041b\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0436\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0440\u0438\u0444\u0430\u043c\u043f\u0438\u0446\u0438\u043d\u043e\u043c<\/li>\n \t<li>\u041c\u0438\u0433\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0437\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0433\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0438<\/li>\n \t<li>\u041e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430, \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0445 \u0436\u0435\u043d\u0449\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u043b\u0438\u0448\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043a \u0441\u0430\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0432\u0438\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044e \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0443 \u0438 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u043d\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c<\/li>\n \t<li>\u0422\u044f\u0436\u0435\u043b\u044b\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0437\u0434\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432\u044c\u044f (\u043f\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0437\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0434\u0446\u0430 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438, \u043f\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0448\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0430\u0440\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0434\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435, \u0442\u0440\u043e\u043c\u0431\u043e\u0437 \u0433\u043b\u0443\u0431\u043e\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0432\u0435\u043d \u043d\u043e\u0433 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043b\u0435\u0433\u043a\u0438\u0445, \u0438\u043d\u0441\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442, \u0440\u0430\u043a \u043c\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0436\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0437, \u043d\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0437\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0431\u0435- \u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0430\u0440\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0432, \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0435\u043a \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b, \u0436\u0435\u043b\u0447\u043d\u043e\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0437\u043d\u044c).<\/li>\n \t<li>\u041f\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0437\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u0431\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<strong>\u0412 \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0435 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c, \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0441\u044c \u043a \u0432\u0440\u0430\u0447\u0443.<\/strong>\n\n[\/accordion-item][accordion-item title=\"<strong>\u041f\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a \u043e\u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0438<\/strong>\"]\n\n\u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u044b \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043e\u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0443,\u00a0 \u0432\u044b \u0440\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0431\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0442\u0430\u043a \u043a\u0430\u043a\u00a0\u044d\u0444\u0444\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0441\u043d\u0438\u0436\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f. \u0412\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d 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\u0441\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430 2-\u0445 \u0438\u043b\u0438 3-\u0445 \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0435\u0442\u043e\u043a:\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">- \u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043d\u044e\u044e \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0443, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0443\u044e \u0432\u044b \u0437\u0430\u0431\u044b\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044c.\n- \u041f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u044b\u0434\u0443\u0449\u0443\u044e \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0443 \u0432\u044b\u0431\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435.\n- \u041f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0439\u0442\u0435\u0441\u044c \u0432\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0433\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043c \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0435\u043f\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043d\u0430 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\u043f\u043e\u0434\u0445\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0442 \u0432\u0430\u0448\u0435\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438, \u043f\u043e\u0436\u0430\u043b\u0443\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0430, \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0441\u044c \u043a \u0432\u0440\u0430\u0447\u0443, \u0438 \u0432 \u0442\u043e \u0436\u0435 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u0434\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0431\u0430\u0440\u044c\u0435\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434 (\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0432).\n[\/accordion-item][accordion-item title=\"<strong>\u041a\u043e\u043c\u0431\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043e\u0440\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0435\u043f\u0442\u0438\u0432\u044b: \u0432\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u044b \u0438 \u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u044b<\/strong>\"]\n\n<strong>1. \u041d\u0443\u0436\u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043b\u0438 \u0436\u0435\u043d\u0449\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u0432 \u00ab\u0432\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0430\u0443\u0437\u0435\u00bb \u043f\u043e \u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0435\u043c\u0430 \u041a\u041e\u041a?<\/strong>\n\u041d\u0435\u0442. \u0418\u043c\u0435\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435\u0441\u044f \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043d\u0435 \u0434\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u043a\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e-\u043b\u0438\u0431\u043e \u0443\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0442\u043e, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0430\u0443\u0437\u044b \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0441\u044f\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443. \u041d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u0438\u0432, \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0440\u044b\u0432\u044b \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0435\u043c\u0435 \u041a\u041e\u041a \u043c\u043e\u0433\u0443\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043a \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044e \u043d\u0435\u0437\u0430\u043f\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0431\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438. \u0416\u0435\u043d\u0449\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0442\u044c \u041a\u041e\u041a \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u043a\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0445-\u043b\u0438\u0431\u043e \u0432\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0430\u0443\u0437 \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u044f\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0445 \u043b\u0435\u0442 \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0437\u0430 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0435 \u0437\u0434\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432\u044c\u0435.\n\n<strong>2. \u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0436\u0435\u043d\u0449\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u041a\u041e\u041a \u0432 \u0442\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0434\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438, \u0442\u043e \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u043b\u0438 \u043e\u043d\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0442 \u043d\u0435\u0437\u0430\u043f\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0431\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u043e\u0442\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044b \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434\u0430?<\/strong>\n\u041d\u0435\u0442. \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0437\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u044d\u0444\u0444\u0435\u043a\u0442 \u041a\u041e\u041a \u043e\u0431\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0447\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0440\u0435\u0433\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0440\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0435\u043c\u043e\u043c \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0435\u0442\u043e\u043a.\n\n<strong>3. \u041a\u0430\u043a \u0434\u043e\u043b\u0433\u043e \u0434\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0437\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u044d\u0444\u0444\u0435\u043a\u0442 \u041a\u041e\u041a \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u043e\u0442\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044b \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434\u0430? <\/strong>\n\u0416\u0435\u043d\u0449\u0438\u043d\u044b, \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0435\u0441\u044f \u043e\u0442 \u0434\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0435\u0439\u0448\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0435\u043c\u0430 \u041a\u041e\u041a, \u043c\u043e\u0433\u0443\u0442 \u0437\u0430\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0442\u044c \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u0431\u044b\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0438 \u0436\u0435\u043d\u0449\u0438\u043d\u044b, \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0440\u043c\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434\u044b \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0435\u043f\u0446\u0438\u0438. \u041a\u041e\u041a \u043d\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0435\u043f\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u044b\u043c \u044d\u0444\u0444\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u043c \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u043e\u0442\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044b \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434\u0430. \u0425\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0435\u0440 \u043c\u0435\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0446\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430, \u043d\u0430\u0431\u043b\u044e\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0439\u0441\u044f \u0443 \u0436\u0435\u043d\u0449\u0438\u043d\u044b \u0434\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0435\u043c\u0430 \u041a\u041e\u041a, \u043e\u0431\u044b\u0447\u043d\u043e \u0432\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0441\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0443 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u043e\u0442\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044b \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434\u0430. \u0412 \u043d\u0435\u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u044f\u0445 \u043c\u0435\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0446\u0438\u043a\u043b \u0432\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043c\u0435\u0441\u044f\u0446\u0435\u0432 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u043e\u0442\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044b \u041a\u041e\u041a.\n\n<strong>4. \u041c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u043b\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0435\u043c \u041a\u041e\u041a \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043a \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0440\u044b\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e \u0431\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438?<\/strong>\n\u041d\u0435\u0442. \u0412 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0438\u0441\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0431\u044b\u043b\u043e \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043e, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u041a\u041e\u041a \u043d\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0448\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0442\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0441\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u0431\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438. \u041d\u0435 \u0434\u043e\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044c \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0435\u043f\u0442\u0438\u0432 \u0432 \u0446\u0435\u043b\u044f\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0440\u044b\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0431\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438, \u0442\u0430\u043a \u043a\u0430\u043a \u041a\u041e\u041a \u043d\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c\u044e.\n\n<strong>5. \u041c\u043e\u0433\u0443\u0442 \u043b\u0438 \u041a\u041e\u041a \u043d\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0448\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0432\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0443\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u043b\u043e\u0434\u0430? \u041f\u043e\u0434\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0433\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043b\u0438 \u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u043b\u043e\u0434 \u0432 \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0435 \u043d\u0435\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0435\u043c\u0430 \u041a\u041e\u041a \u0431\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0436\u0435\u043d\u0449\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0439?<\/strong>\n\u041d\u0435\u0442. \u0418\u043c\u0435\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435\u0441\u044f \u0434\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0444\u0430\u043a\u0442\u044b \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u043d\u043e \u0441\u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0442 \u043e \u0442\u043e\u043c, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0435\u043c \u041a\u041e\u041a \u043d\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0432\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0443\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438- \u0442\u0438\u044f \u043f\u043b\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0438 \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043d\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043a\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0439-\u043b\u0438\u0431\u043e \u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0432 \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0435, \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0436\u0435\u043d\u0449\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0435\u0442 \u0432 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043e\u0434 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0435\u043c\u0430 \u041a\u041e\u041a \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0439\u043d\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0442 \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0443 \u041a\u041e\u041a \u0432\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u0431\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438.\n\n<strong>6. \u041c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u043b\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0435\u043c \u041a\u041e\u041a \u0432\u044b\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0443\u044e \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0430\u0432\u043a\u0443 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u0435\u0440\u044e \u0432 \u0432\u0435\u0441\u0435?<\/strong>\n\u041d\u0435\u0442. \u0412 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0432 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u041a\u041e\u041a \u043d\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 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\u041a\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0435-\u043b\u0438\u0431\u043e \u0434\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0435\u043c \u041a\u041e\u041a \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0432\u043b\u0438\u044f\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0436\u0435\u043d\u0449\u0438\u043d\u044b, \u043e\u0442\u0441\u0443\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0442.\n\n<strong>8. \u0427\u0442\u043e \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0435\u0440 \u043a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0443 \u043d\u0430 \u0432\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441 \u043e \u0432\u0437\u0430\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0438 \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0435\u043c\u043e\u043c \u041a\u041e\u041a \u0438 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\u043d\u0430\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u041a\u041e\u041a \u0441 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u043c \u043d\u0430\u0431\u043b\u044e\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0437\u0430 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043f\u043e\u044f\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u043a\u0440\u043e\u0432\u044f\u043d\u0438\u0441\u0442\u044b\u0445 \u0432\u044b\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0438\u0437 \u0432\u043b\u0430\u0433\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0449\u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u0431\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438. \u041a\u041e\u041a \u043d\u0435 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\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430 . \u041d\u0438 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043d\u0438\u0435,\n\u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0431\u044b\u0442\u044c \u0432\u044b\u044f\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0433\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043a\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u043e\u0441\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0435, \u043d\u0435\u00a0\u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u043a \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044e \u041a\u041e\u041a.\n\n<strong>11. \u0414\u043e\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043b\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u041a\u041e\u041a \u043f\u0440\u0438 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\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0440\u044f\u0434\u0430. \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0435\u0440 \u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u0435\u043d \u0440\u0435\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0432\u0441\u0435\u043c \u043a\u0443\u0440\u044f\u0449\u0438\u043c \u0436\u0435\u043d\u0449\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043c \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043e\u0442 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u044b\u0447\u043a\u0438.\n\n<strong>14. \u041a\u0430\u043a \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0432 \u0442\u0435\u0445 \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u044f\u0445, \u043a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u0436\u0435\u043d\u0449\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u0436\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u041a\u041e\u041a, 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\u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0435\u0439 \u044d\u0444\u0444\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c\u044e \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0432 \u043a\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u0422\u041d\u041a \u0438 \u0432\u044b\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u043c\u0435\u043d\u044c\u0448\u0435\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u044d\u0444\u0444\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0432 (\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0442\u043e\u0448\u043d\u043e\u0442\u0430 \u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0436\u0435\u043b\u0443\u0434\u043a\u0430).\n\n<strong>16. \u041a\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0432\u044b \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0438\u044f \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0444\u0430\u0437\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438, \u0434\u0432\u0443\u0445\u0444\u0430\u0437\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0438 \u0442\u0440\u0435\u0445\u0444\u0430\u0437\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0438?<\/strong>\n\u041c\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0444\u0430\u0437\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0442\u044b \u0441\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430\u0442 \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u044d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u0432 \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u043e\u0439 \u0433\u043e\u0440\u043c\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0435. \u0412 \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0435 \u0441 \u0434\u0432\u0443\u0445\u0444\u0430\u0437\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0438 \u0442\u0440\u0435\u0445\u0444\u0430\u0437\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0438, \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u044d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u043e \u043c\u0435\u0440\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0438\u044f \u0446\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0435\u043c\u0430 \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0435\u0442\u043e\u043a. \u0412 \u0443\u043f\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0430\u0445 \u0441 \u0434\u0432\u0443\u0445\u0444\u0430\u0437\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043f\u0440\u0435\u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u043c \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044b\u0435 10 \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0435\u0442\u043e\u043a \u0438\u043c\u0435\u044e\u0442 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0443 \u0434\u043e\u0437\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0443 \u044d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0430, \u0430 \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435 11 \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0435\u0442\u043e\u043a \u2013 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0443\u044e \u0434\u043e\u0437\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0443. \u0412 \u0443\u043f\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0430\u0445 \u0441 \u0442\u0440\u0435\u0445\u0444\u0430\u0437\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043f\u0440\u0435\u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u043c \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044b\u0435 7 \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0435\u0442\u043e\u043a \u0441\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430\u0442 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0443 \u0434\u043e\u0437\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0443, \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435 7 \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0435\u0442\u043e\u043a \u2013 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0443\u044e \u0434\u043e\u0437\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0443 \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0438\u0435 7 \u0433\u043e\u0440\u043c\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0435\u0442\u043e\u043a \u2013 \u0442\u0440\u0435\u0442\u044c\u044e \u0434\u043e\u0437\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0443 \u044d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0430. \u041c\u0435\u0445\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u043c \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0443\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0431\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0445 \u0442\u0440\u0435\u0445 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0439 \u041a\u041e\u041a. \u0420\u0430\u0437\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0438\u044f \u0432 \u043f\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u044d\u0444\u0444\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430\u0445, \u044d\u0444\u0444\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u044f \u044d\u0442\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u043d\u0435\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b.\n\n<strong>17. \u0412\u0430\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043b\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u041a\u041e\u041a \u0435\u0436\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0435\u0432\u043d\u043e, \u0438 \u0432 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e \u0438 \u0442\u043e \u0436\u0435 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u0441\u0443\u0442\u043e\u043a?<\/strong>\n\u0414\u0430 \u2013 \u043f\u043e \u0434\u0432\u0443\u043c \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043c. \u042d\u0442\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044c\u0448\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0432\u044b\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0435\u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u044d\u0444\u0444\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0432, \u0430 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u0443 \u0436\u0435\u043d\u0449\u0438\u043d\u044b \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0440\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0443\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0440\u0435\u0444\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0441, \u043e\u0431\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0447\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u0430\u043a\u043a\u0443\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0435\u0442\u043e\u043a. \u041f\u0440\u0438\u0443\u0440\u043e\u0447\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0435\u043c\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u043a \u0442\u043e\u0439 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0438\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0435\u0436\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0435\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0434\u0443\u0440\u0435 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u044e \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0433\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0436\u0435\u043d\u0449\u0438\u043d\u0435 \u0432\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u0432\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043e \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044c \u043e\u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0443.\n\n[\/accordion-item][accordion-item title=\"\u041a<strong>\u0443\u0434\u0430 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f<\/strong>\"]\n\n\u0414\u043b\u044f \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u043e \u0432\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0430\u043c \u043f\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0441\u0435\u043c\u044c\u0438:\n<ul>\n \t<li>\u041e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0441\u044c \u043a \u0441\u0435\u043c\u0435\u0439\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0432\u0440\u0430\u0447\u0443\u00a0\u043c\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0446\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0443\u0447\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u043e \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0443 \u0436\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430\u00a0(\u0441\u043c.\u00a0<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/cidsr.md\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/09\/Lista-MF-instruiti-in-PF.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">\u0442\u0443\u0442<\/a><\/strong>). \u0412\u041d\u0418\u041c\u0410\u041d\u0418\u0415: \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u044b \u0432\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0432\u00a0 \u0432 \u0441\u043e\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e-\u0443\u044f\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043c\u0443\u044e \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f\u0443 \u043b\u044e\u0434\u0435\u0439 (\u0441\u043c.\u00a0<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/cidsr.md\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/ord-nr.-658-din-18.08.2015-Cu-privire-la-asigurarea-cu-contraceptive.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">\u0442\u0443\u0442<\/a><\/strong>) \u0432\u044b \u0438\u043c\u0435\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0431\u0435\u0441\u043f\u043b\u0430\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0435\u043f\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0432!<\/li>\n \t<li>\u041e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0441\u044c \u0432 \u00a0la <a href=\"http:\/\/new.neovita.md\/reteaua-cspt-2\/\" target=\"_blank\">\u00a0\u0414\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435\u00a0\u043c\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0436\u0438 \u0446\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440\u044b \u0437\u0434\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432\u044c\u044f<\/a><\/li>\n \t<li>\u041f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u0413\u043e\u0440\u044f\u0447\u0443\u044e \u041b\u0438\u043d\u0438\u044e\u00a0\u041e\u0431\u0443\u0447\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0426\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0430 \u043f\u043e \u0420\u0435\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0417\u0434\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432\u044c\u044e \u0420.\u00a0\u041c\u043e\u043b\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u00a0(CIDSR) (\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043d\u043a\u0438 \u0431\u0435\u0441\u043f\u043b\u0430\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435) - 0800-088-08<\/li>\n \t<li>\u041f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0432\u00a0CIDSR - 022355072 \/ 060903782 \/ 078306973<\/li>\n \t<li>\u041d\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0448\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043f\u0438\u0441\u044c\u043c\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u0430\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0441 \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0442\u044b CIDSR -\u00a0<a href=\"mailto:cidsr2012@gmail.com\">cidsr2012@gmail.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<strong>\u00a0<\/strong>[\/accordion-item][\/accordion]\n\n&nbsp;\n\n<a href=\"https:\/\/cidsr.md\/planificarea-familiala\"><img class=\"size-full wp-image-958 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/cidsr.md\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/09\/\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435-\u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u044b.png\" alt=\"\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u044b\" width=\"100\" height=\"45\" \/><\/a>","_ru_post_name":"contraceptivele-orale-combinate","_ru_post_excerpt":"","_ru_post_title":"\u041a\u043e\u043c\u0431\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043e\u0440\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0435\u043f\u0442\u0438\u0432\u044b","_en_post_content":"<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #0080bf;\"><strong>What Are Combined Oral Contraceptives?<img class=\" wp-image-960 alignright\" src=\"https:\/\/cidsr.md\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/09\/COC-300x190.jpg\" alt=\"COC\" width=\"251\" height=\"159\" \/>\n<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n\n<ul>\n \t<li>Pills that contain low doses of 2 hormones\u2014a progestin and an estrogen\u2014like the natural hormones progesterone and estrogen in a woman\u2019s body.<\/li>\n \t<li>Combined oral contraceptives (COCs) are also called \u201cthe Pill,\u201d low-dose combined pills, OCPs, and OCs.<\/li>\n \t<li>Work primarily by preventing the release of eggs from the ovaries (ovulation).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n&nbsp;\n\n[accordion clicktoclose=true][accordion-item title=\"How Effective<strong>?<\/strong>\"]\n\n<strong>Effectiveness depends on the user:<\/strong> Risk of pregnancy is greatest when a woman starts a new pill pack 3 or more days late, or misses 3 or more pills near the beginning or end of a pill pack.\n<ul>\n \t<li>As commonly used, about 8 pregnancies yy per 100 women using COCs over the first year. This means that 92 of every 100 women using COCs will not become pregnant.<\/li>\n \t<li>When no pill-taking mistakes are made, less than 1 pregnancy per 100 women using COCs over the first year (3 per 1,000 women).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<strong>Return of fertility after COCs are stopped:<\/strong> No delay\n<strong>Protection against sexually transmitted infections (STIs):<\/strong> None\n\n[\/accordion-item][accordion-item title=\"Side Effects\"]\n\n<strong>Side Effects<\/strong>\n\nSome users report the following:\n<ul>\n \t<li>Changes in bleeding patterns including:<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px;\">- Lighter bleeding and fewer days of bleeding\n\u2013 Irregular bleeding\n\u2013 Infrequent bleeding\n\u2013 No monthly bleeding<\/p>\n\n<ul>\n \t<li>Headaches<\/li>\n \t<li>Dizziness<\/li>\n \t<li>Nausea<\/li>\n \t<li>Breast tenderness<\/li>\n \t<li>Weight change<\/li>\n \t<li>Mood changes<\/li>\n \t<li>Acne (can improve or worsen, but usually improves)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\nOther possible physical changes:\n<ul>\n \t<li>Blood pressure increases a few points (mm Hg). When increase is due to COCs, blood pressure declines quickly after use of COCs stops.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n[\/accordion-item][accordion-item title=\"<strong>Health Benefits<\/strong><strong>\u00a0and Known Health Risks<\/strong>\"]\n\n<strong>Health Benefits<\/strong>\n\nHelp protect against:\n<ul>\n \t<li>Risks of pregnancy<\/li>\n \t<li>Cancer of the lining of the uterus (endometrial cancer)<\/li>\n \t<li>Cancer of the ovary<\/li>\n \t<li>Symptomatic pelvic inflammatory disease<\/li>\n<\/ul>\nMay help protect against:\n<ul>\n \t<li>Ovarian cysts<\/li>\n \t<li>Iron-deficiency anemia<\/li>\n<\/ul>\nReduce:\n<ul>\n \t<li>Menstrual cramps<\/li>\n \t<li>Menstrual bleeding problems<\/li>\n \t<li>Ovulation pain<\/li>\n \t<li>Excess hair on face or body<\/li>\n \t<li>Symptoms of polycystic ovarian syndrome (irregular bleeding, acne, excess hair on face or body)<\/li>\n \t<li>Symptoms of endometriosis (pelvic pain, irregular bleeding)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n&nbsp;\n\n<strong>Known Health Risks<\/strong>\n\nVery rare:\n<ul>\n \t<li>Blood clot in deep veins of legs or lungs (deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\nExtremely rare:\n<ul>\n \t<li>Stroke<\/li>\n \t<li>Heart attack<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n[\/accordion-item][accordion-item title=\"<strong>Who Can and Cannot Use Combined Oral Contraceptives<\/strong>\"]\n\n<strong>Safe and Suitable for Nearly All Women<\/strong>\n\nNearly all women can use COCs safely and effectively, including women who:\n<ul>\n \t<li>Au n\u0103scut sau nu au n\u0103scut<\/li>\n \t<li>Have or have not had children<\/li>\n \t<li>Are not married<\/li>\n \t<li>Are of any age, including adolescents and women over 40 years old<\/li>\n \t<li>Have just had an abortion or miscarriage<\/li>\n \t<li>Smoke cigarettes\u2014if under 35 years old<\/li>\n \t<li>Have anemia now or had in the past<\/li>\n \t<li>Have varicose veins<\/li>\n \t<li>Are infected with HIV, whether or not on antiretroviral therapy, unless that therapy includes ritonavir<\/li>\n<\/ul>\nWomen can begin using COCs:\n<ul>\n \t<li>Without a pelvic examination<\/li>\n \t<li>Without any blood tests or other routine laboratory tests<\/li>\n \t<li>Without cervical cancer screening<\/li>\n \t<li>Without a breast examination<\/li>\n \t<li>Even when a woman is not having monthly bleeding at the time, if it is reasonably certain she is not pregnant<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n[\/accordion-item][accordion-item title=\"Correcting Misunderstandings \"]\n\nCombined oral contraceptives:\n<ul>\n \t<li>Do not build up in a woman\u2019s body. Women do not need a \u201crest\u201d from taking COCs.<\/li>\n \t<li>Must be taken every day, whether or not a woman has sex that day.<\/li>\n \t<li>Do not make women infertile.<\/li>\n \t<li>Do not cause birth defects or multiple births.<\/li>\n \t<li>Do not change women\u2019s sexual behavior.<\/li>\n \t<li>Do not collect in the stomach. Instead, the pill dissolves each day.<\/li>\n \t<li>Do not disrupt an existing pregnancy.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n[\/accordion-item][accordion-item title=\"Managing Any Problems\"]\n<strong>Problems Reported as Side Effects or Problems With Use<\/strong>:\n<ul>\n \t<li>Missed pills<\/li>\n \t<li>Irregular bleeding (bleeding at unexpected times that bothers the client)<\/li>\n \t<li>No monthly bleeding<\/li>\n \t<li>Ordinary headaches (nonmigrainous)<\/li>\n \t<li>Nausea or dizziness<\/li>\n \t<li>Breast tenderness<\/li>\n \t<li>Weight change<\/li>\n \t<li>Mood changes or changes in sex drive<\/li>\n \t<li>Acne<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<strong>New Problems That May Require Switching Methods<\/strong>\n<ul>\n \t<li>Unexplained vaginal bleeding (that suggests a medical condition not related to the method) or heavy or prolonged bleeding<\/li>\n \t<li>Starting treatment with anticonvulsants, rifampicin, rifabutin, or ritonavir<\/li>\n \t<li>Migraine headaches<\/li>\n \t<li>Circumstances that will keep her from walking for one week or more<\/li>\n \t<li>Certain serious health conditions (suspected heart or serious liver disease, high blood pressure, blood clots in deep veins of legs or lungs, stroke, breast cancer, damage to arteries, vision, kidneys, or nervous system caused by diabetes, or gall bladder disease).<\/li>\n \t<li>Suspected pregnancy<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<strong>Contact\u00a0your doctor if you have any of the problems listed above.<\/strong>\n\n[\/accordion-item][accordion-item title=\"Managing Missed Pills\"]\n\nIt is easy to forget a pill or to be late in taking it. COC users should know what to do if they forget to take pills. If a woman misses one or more pills, she should follow the instructions below.\n\nRiscul unei sarcini nedorite va creste \u00een dependen\u021b\u0103 de c\u00eete pastile a\u021bi uitat s\u0103 lua\u021bi.\n\n1. Take a missed hormonal pill as soon as possible.\n2. Missed 1 or 2 pills:\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">- Take a hormonal pill as soon as possible.\n- Use a backup method for the next 7 days\n- Also, if you\u00a0had\u00a0sex in the past 5 days, can consider Emergency Contraceptive Pills.<\/p>\n[\/accordion-item][accordion-item title=\"Questions and Answers About Combined Oral Contraceptives\"]\n\n<strong>1. Should a woman take a \u201crest\u201d from COCs after taking them for a time? <\/strong>\nNo. There is no evidence that taking a \u201crest\u201d is helpful. In fact, taking a \u201crest\u201d from COCs can lead to unintended pregnancy. COCs can safely be used for many years without having to stop taking them periodically.\n\n<strong>2. If a woman has been taking COCs for a long time, will she still be protected from pregnancy after she stops taking COCs?<\/strong>\nNo. A woman is protected only as long as she takes her pills regularly.\n\n<strong>3. How long does it take to become pregnant after stopping COCs? <\/strong>\nWomen who stop using COCs can become pregnant as quickly as women who stop nonhormonal methods. COCs do not delay the return of a woman\u2019s fertility after she stops taking them. The bleeding pattern a woman had before she used COCs generally returns after she stops taking them. Some women may have to wait a few months before their usual bleeding pattern returns.\n\n<strong>4. Do COCs cause abortion? <\/strong>\nNo. Research on COCs finds that they do not disrupt an existing pregnancy. They should not be used to try to cause an abortion. They will not do so.\n\n<strong>5. Do COCs cause birth defects? Will the fetus be harmed if a woman accidentally takes COCs while she is pregnant? <\/strong>\nNo. Good evidence shows that COCs will not cause birth defects and will not otherwise harm the fetus if a woman becomes pregnant while taking COCs or accidentally starts to take COCs when she is already pregnant.\n\n<strong>6. Do COCs cause women to gain or lose a lot of weight? <\/strong>\nNo. Most women do not gain or lose weight due to COCs. Weight changes naturally as life circumstances change and as people age. Because these changes in weight are so common, many women think that COCs cause these gains or losses in weight. Studies find, however, that, on average, COCs do not affect weight. A few women experience sudden changes in weight when using COCs. These changes reverse after they stop taking COCs. It is not known why these women respond to COCs in this way.\n\n<strong>7. Do COCs change women\u2019s mood or sex drive?<\/strong>\nGenerally, no. Some women using COCs report these complaints. The great majority of COC users do not report any such changes, however, and some report that both mood and sex drive improve. It is difficult to tell whether such changes are due to the COCs or to other reasons. Providers can help a client with these problems . There is no evidence that COCs affect women\u2019s sexual behavior.\n\n<strong>8. What can a provider say to a client asking about COCs and breast cancer? <\/strong>\nThe provider can point out that both COC users and women who do not use COCs can have breast cancer. In scientific studies breast cancer was slightly more common among women using COCs and those who had used COCs in the past 10 years than among other women. Scientists do not know whether or not COCs actually caused the slight increase in breast cancers. It is possible that the cancers were already there before COC use but were found sooner in COC users .\n\n<strong>9. Can COCs be used as a pregnancy test?<\/strong>\nNo. A woman may experience some vaginal bleeding (a \u201cwithdrawal bleed\u201d) as a result of taking several COCs or one full cycle of COCs, but studies suggest that this practice does not accurately identify who is or is not pregnant. Thus, giving a woman COCs to see if she has bleeding later is not recommended as a way to tell if she is pregnant. COCs should not be given to women as a pregnancy test of sorts because they do not produce accurate results.\n\n<strong>10.\u00a0Must a woman have a pelvic examination before she can start COCs or at follow-up visits?<\/strong>\nNo. Instead, asking the right questions usually can help to make reasonably certain that a woman is not pregnant. No condition that could be detected by a pelvic examination rules out COC use.\n\n<strong>11. Can women with varicose veins use COCs?<\/strong>\nYes. COCs are safe for women with varicose veins. Varicose veins are enlarged blood vessels close to the surface of the skin. They are not dangerous. They are not blood clots, nor are these veins the deep veins in the legs where a blood clot can be dangerous (deep vein thrombosis). A woman who has or has had deep vein thrombosis should not use COCs.\n\n<strong>12. Can a woman safely take COCs throughout her life?<\/strong>\nYes. There is no minimum or maximum age for COC use. COCs can be an appropriate method for most women from onset of monthly bleeding (menarche) to menopause.\n\n<strong>13. Can women who smoke use COCs safely? <\/strong>\nWomen younger than age 35 who smoke can use low-dose COCs. Women age 35 and older who smoke should choose a method without estrogen or, if they smoke fewer than 15 cigarettes a day, monthly injectables. Older women who smoke can take the progestin-only pill if they prefer pills. All women who smoke should be urged to stop smoking.\n\n<strong>14. What if a client wants to use COCs but it is not reasonably certain that she is not pregnant after using the pregnancy checklist?<\/strong>\nIf pregnancy tests are not available, a woman can be given COCs to take home with instructions to begin their use within 5 days after the start of her next monthly bleeding. She should use a backup method until then.\n\n<strong>15. Can COCs be used as emergency contraceptive pills (ECPs) after unprotected sex?<\/strong>\nYes. As soon as possible, but no more than 5 days after unprotected sex, a woman can take COCs as ECPs. Progestin-only pills, however, are more effective and cause fewer side effects such as nausea and stomach upset.\n\n<strong>16. What are the differences among monophasic, biphasic, and triphasic pills?<\/strong>\nMonophasic pills provide the same amount of estrogen and progestin in every hormonal pill. Biphasic and triphasic pills change the amount of estrogen and progestin at different points of the pill-taking cycle. For biphasic pills, the first 10 pills have one dosage, and then the next 11 pills have another level of estrogen and progestin. For triphasic pills, the first 7 or so pills have one dosage, the next 7 pills have another dosage, and the last 7 hormonal pills have yet another dosage. All prevent pregnancy in the same way. Differences in side effects, effectiveness, and continuation appear to be slight.\n\n<strong>17.\u00a0Is it important for a woman to take her COCs at the same time each day?<\/strong>\nYes, for 2 reasons. Some side effects may be reduced by taking the pill at the same time each day. Also, taking a pill at the same time each day can help women remember to take their pills more consistently. Linking pill taking with a daily activity also helps women remember to take their pills.\n\n[\/accordion-item][accordion-item title=\"<strong>Where to address?<\/strong>\"]\n\nFor a family planning consultation:\n<ul>\n \t<li>Ask your family doctor at your health care facility in your area of residence \u00a0(see\u00a0<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/cidsr.md\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/09\/Lista-MF-instruiti-in-PF.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">here<\/a><\/strong>). WARNING: if you belong to one of the socially vulnerable groups (see\u00a0<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/cidsr.md\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/ord-nr.-658-din-18.08.2015-Cu-privire-la-asigurarea-cu-contraceptive.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">here<\/a><\/strong>) you can benefit from free contraceptives!<\/li>\n \t<li>Ask \u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/new.neovita.md\/reteaua-cspt-2\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Youth Friendly Health Centers<\/a><\/li>\n \t<li>Call the RHTC \u00a0Hotline (free and confidential call) - 0800-088-08<\/li>\n \t<li>Call \u00a0RHTC\u00a0- 022355072 \/ 060903782 \/ 078306973<\/li>\n \t<li>Write to RHTC e-mail \u00a0-\u00a0<a href=\"mailto:cidsr2012@gmail.com\">cidsr2012@gmail.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<strong>\u00a0<\/strong>[\/accordion-item][\/accordion]\n\n&nbsp;\n\n<a href=\"https:\/\/cidsr.md\/planificarea-familiala\"><img class=\"size-full wp-image-958 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/cidsr.md\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/09\/\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435-\u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u044b.png\" alt=\"\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u044b\" width=\"100\" height=\"45\" \/><\/a>","_en_post_name":"contraceptivele-orale-combinate","_en_post_excerpt":"","_en_post_title":"Combined oral contraceptives","_ro_post_content":"<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #0080bf;\"><strong>Ce sunt contraceptivele orale combinate?<img class=\" wp-image-960 alignright\" src=\"https:\/\/cidsr.md\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/09\/COC-300x190.jpg\" alt=\"COC\" width=\"251\" height=\"159\" \/>\r\n<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Pilule care con\u0163in doze mici din 2 hormoni \u2013 un progestativ \u015fi un estrogen \u2013 similari hormonilor naturali progesteron \u015fi estrogen din corpul femeii.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Contraceptivele orale combinate (COC) sunt denumite \u015fi \u201epilule\u201d, pilule combinate cu doze mici, contraceptive orale sau CO.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Ac\u0163ioneaz\u0103 \u00een principal prin prevenirea eliber\u0103rii ovulelor din ovare (a ovula\u0163iei).<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n[accordion clicktoclose=true][accordion-item title=\"<strong>C\u00e2t de eficiente sunt?<\/strong>\"]\r\n\r\n<strong>Eficien\u0163a depinde de utilizatoare:<\/strong> Cel mai mare risc de sarcin\u0103 este atunci c\u00e2nd femeia \u00eencepe o nou\u0103 folie de pilule cu 3 sau mai multe zile \u00eent\u00e2rziere, sau uit\u0103 3 sau mai multe pilule atunci c\u00e2nd este aproape de \u00eenceperea sau terminarea unei folii de pilule.\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>\u00cen cadrul utiliz\u0103rii obi\u015fnuite, aproximativ 8 sarcini la 100 de femei, \u00een timpul primului an de utilizare a COC. Aceasta \u00eenseamn\u0103 c\u0103, din 100 de femei care utilizeaz\u0103 COC, 92 nu vor r\u0103m\u00e2ne gravide.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>C\u00e2nd nu se fac gre\u015feli \u00een utilizarea pilulelor, mai pu\u0163in de 1 sarcin\u0103 la 100 de femei, \u00een timpul primului an de utilizare a COC (3 sarcini la 1.000 de femei).<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<strong>Revenirea fertilit\u0103\u0163ii dup\u0103 oprirea utiliz\u0103rii COC:<\/strong> Imediat\u0103\r\n<strong>Protec\u0163ia \u00eempotriva infec\u0163iilor cu transmitere sexual\u0103 (ITS):<\/strong> Nu protejeaz\u0103\r\n\r\n[\/accordion-item][accordion-item title=\"<strong>Efecte secundare<\/strong>\"]\r\n\r\n<strong>Efecte secundare <\/strong>\r\n\r\nLa unele utilizatoare pot ap\u0103rea urm\u0103toarele:\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Modific\u0103ri ale caracterelor s\u00e2nger\u0103rii vaginale:<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px;\">- s\u00e2nger\u0103ri mai reduse cantitativ \u015fi zile mai pu\u0163ine cu s\u00e2ngerare,\r\n- s\u00e2nger\u0103ri neregulate,\r\n- s\u00e2nger\u0103ri mai rare,\r\n- lipsa s\u00e2nger\u0103rii lunare<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Cefalee<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Ame\u0163eli<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Grea\u0163\u0103<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Durere \u00een s\u00e2ni<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Modificarea greut\u0103\u0163ii<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Modific\u0103ri ale dispozi\u0163iei generale<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Acnee (se poate ameliora sau agrava, de obicei se amelioreaz\u0103)<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\nAlte posibile modific\u0103ri fizice:\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Tensiunea arterial\u0103 poate cre\u015fte cu c\u00e2teva unit\u0103\u0163i (mm Hg). Dac\u0103 cre\u015fterea se datoreaz\u0103 COC, tensiunea arterial\u0103 scade rapid dup\u0103 oprirea utiliz\u0103rii COC.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n[\/accordion-item][accordion-item title=\"B<strong>eneficii \u015fi riscuri pentru s\u0103n\u0103tate<\/strong>\"]\r\n\r\n<strong>Beneficii pentru s\u0103n\u0103tate<\/strong>\r\n\r\nAjut\u0103 la protec\u0163ia \u00eempotriva:\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Riscurilor asociate sarcinii<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Cancerului mucoasei uterine (cancerului de endometru)<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Cancerului de ovar<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Bolii inflamatorii pelvine simptomatice<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\nPoate ajuta la protec\u0163ia \u00eempotriva:\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Chisturilor de ovar<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Anemiei prin deficit de fier<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\nReduce:\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Crampele menstruale<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Problemele legate de menstrua\u0163ie<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Durerea produs\u0103 de ovula\u0163ie<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Pilozitatea \u00een exces de pe fa\u0163\u0103 sau corp<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Simptomele sindromului de ovar polichistic (s\u00e2nger\u0103ri neregulate, acnee, pilozitate \u00een exces pe fa\u0163\u0103 sau corp)<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Simptomele endometriozei (durere pelvin\u0103, s\u00e2nger\u0103ri neregulate)<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<strong>Riscuri pentru s\u0103n\u0103tate<\/strong>\r\n\r\nFoarte rar:\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Cheaguri de s\u00e2nge \u00een venele profunde ale membrelor inferioare sau pl\u0103m\u00e2ni (tromboz\u0103 venoas\u0103 profund\u0103 sau embolie pulmonar\u0103)<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\nExtrem de rar:\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Accident vascular cerebral<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Infarct miocardic<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n[\/accordion-item][accordion-item title=\"<strong>Cine poate \u015fi cine nu poate utiliza contraceptive orale combinate<\/strong>\"]\r\n\r\n<strong>Sigure \u015fi potrivite pentru aproape toate femeile<\/strong>\r\n\r\nCele mai multe femei pot utiliza COC \u00een siguran\u0163\u0103 \u015fi eficient, inclusiv femeile care:\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Au n\u0103scut sau nu au n\u0103scut<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Nu sunt c\u0103s\u0103torite<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Au orice v\u00e2rst\u0103, inclusiv adolescente \u015fi femei peste 40 de ani<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Tocmai au avut un avort la cerere sau un avort spontan<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Fumeaz\u0103 \u2013 dac\u0103 au mai pu\u0163in de 35 de ani<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Au anemie \u00een prezent sau au avut anemie \u00een trecut<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Au vene varicoase<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Sunt infectate cu HIV, indiferent dac\u0103 utilizeaz\u0103 sau nu terapie antiretroviral\u0103<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\nFemeile pot \u00eencepe utilizarea COC:\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>F\u0103r\u0103 examinare ginecologic\u0103<\/li>\r\n \t<li>F\u0103r\u0103 teste din s\u00e2nge sau alte teste de laborator efectuate de rutin\u0103<\/li>\r\n \t<li>F\u0103r\u0103 screening pentru cancerul de col uterin<\/li>\r\n \t<li>F\u0103r\u0103 examinarea s\u00e2nilor<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Chiar dac\u0103 femeia nu este \u00een timpul menstrua\u0163iei, dac\u0103 se \u015ftie cu un grad rezonabil de certitudine c\u0103 ea nu este \u00eens\u0103rcinat\u0103<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n[\/accordion-item][accordion-item title=\"<strong>Corectarea miturilor<\/strong>\"]\r\n\r\nContraceptivele orale combinate:\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Nu se acumuleaz\u0103 \u00een corpul femeii. Femeile nu au nevoie de\u00a0\u201epauz\u0103\u201d \u00een utilizarea COC.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Trebuie luate \u00een fiecare zi, indiferent dac\u0103 femeia are sau nu contact sexual \u00een acea zi.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Nu produc infertilitate.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Nu produc anomalii congenitale \u015fi nici na\u015fteri gemelare.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Nu modific\u0103 comportamentul sexual al femeilor.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Nu se acumuleaz\u0103 \u00een stomac. Dimpotriv\u0103, pilula se dizolv\u0103 zilnic.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Nu \u00eentrerup evolu\u0163ia unei sarcini deja existente<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n[\/accordion-item][accordion-item title=\"<strong>Managementul problemelor<\/strong>\"]\r\n<strong>Probleme raportate drept efecte secundare sau probleme cu utilizarea<\/strong>:\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Pilule uitate<\/li>\r\n \t<li>S\u00e2nger\u0103ri vaginale neregulate (s\u00e2nger\u0103ri nea\u015fteptate care deranjeaz\u0103)<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Lipsa s\u00e2nger\u0103rii vaginale lunare<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Cefalee obi\u015fnuit\u0103 (nemigrenoas\u0103)<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Gre\u0163uri sau ame\u0163eli<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Dureri \u00een s\u00e2ni<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Modificarea greut\u0103\u0163ii<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Modific\u0103ri ale dispozi\u0163iei generale sau modific\u0103ri ale libidoului<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Acnee<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<strong>Probleme noi care pot necesita schimbarea metodei<\/strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>S\u00e2ngerare vaginal\u0103 neexplicat\u0103 (care sugereaz\u0103 o afec\u0163iune medical\u0103 f\u0103r\u0103 leg\u0103tur\u0103 cu metoda) sau s\u00e2ngerare vaginal\u0103 abundent\u0103 sau prelungit\u0103<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Ini\u0163ierea tratamentului cu anticonvulsivante, rifampicin\u0103, rifabutin\u0103 sau ritonavir<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Cefalee migrenoas\u0103<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Situa\u0163ii \u00een care femeia va fi imobilizat\u0103 la pat timp de o s\u0103pt\u0103m\u00e2n\u0103 sau mai mult<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Anumite afec\u0163iuni medicale grave (suspiciune de afec\u0163iune cardiac\u0103 sau afec\u0163iune hepatic\u0103 grav\u0103, hipertensiune arterial\u0103, cheaguri de s\u00e2nge \u00een venele profunde ale membrelor\u00a0 inferioare \u00a0sau \u00a0pl\u0103m\u00e2ni, \u00a0accident \u00a0vascular cerebral, cancer de s\u00e2n, afectare vascular\u0103, tulbur\u0103ri de vedere, renale, sau ale sistemului nervos produse de diabet zaharat, sau afec\u0163iuni ale vezicii biliare).<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Suspiciune de sarcin\u0103<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<strong>\u00cen caz de apari\u021bie a unor probleme din cele listate mai sus, adresa\u021bi-v\u0103 la medic.<\/strong>\r\n\r\n[\/accordion-item][accordion-item title=\"<strong>Pilule uitate<\/strong>\"]\r\n\r\n\u00cen cazul \u00een care uita\u021bi s\u0103 administra\u0219i pastila\/pilula la timp, fie \u00eent\u00eerzia\u021bi initierea unei folii noi la timp, risca\u021bi s\u0103 r\u0103m\u00eene\u021bi \u00eens\u0103rcint\u0103, deoarece eficacitatea metodei scade. Este important s\u0103 administra\u021bi zilnic pastila, la aceiasi or\u0103. La fel este important s\u0103 initia\u021bi o folie nou\u0103 la timp, dup\u0103 pauza de 7 zile, \u00een cazul \u00een care utiliza\u021bi folii cu 21 pastile fie s\u0103 nu face\u021bi pauze \u00een cazul utiliz\u0103rii foliilor cu 28 pastile.\r\n\r\nRiscul unei sarcini nedorite va creste \u00een dependen\u021b\u0103 de c\u00eete pastile a\u021bi uitat s\u0103 lua\u021bi.\r\n\r\n1. \u00cen cazul \u00een care a\u021bi uitat s\u0103 lua\u021bi o pastil\u0103, \u00eendat\u0103 ce v-a\u021bi adus aminte, lua\u021bi pastila.\r\n2. \u00cen cazul \u00een care a\u021bi uitat s\u0103 lua\u021bi 2 sau 3 pastile:\r\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">- Lua\u021bi ultima pastil\u0103 pe care a\u021bi omis-o.\r\n- Pastila precedent\u0103 uitat\u0103 (prima) trebuie aruncat\u0103\r\n- Utiliza\u021bi o metod\u0103 de contracep\u021bie suplimentar\u0103\u00a0\u00een urm\u0103toarele 7 zile\r\n- \u00cen cazul \u00een care a\u021bi avut un contact sexual \u00een ultimele 5 zile, pute\u021bi utiliza contarcep\u021bie de urgen\u021b\u0103.<\/p>\r\n\u00cen cazul \u00een care exemplele de mai sus nu se potrivesc cu situa\u021bia Dumneavoastr\u0103, v\u0103 rug\u0103m s\u0103 contacta\u021bi medicul, iar \u00eentre timp folosi\u021bi o metod\u0103 de barier\u0103 suplimentar\u0103, de exemplu prezervativul.\r\n\r\n[\/accordion-item][accordion-item title=\"<strong>\u00centreb\u0103ri \u015fi r\u0103spunsuri despre contraceptivele orale combinate<\/strong>\"]\r\n\r\n<strong>1. Trebuie femeia s\u0103 fac\u0103 o \u201epauz\u0103\u201d dup\u0103 ce utilizeaz\u0103 COC o perioad\u0103 de timp?<\/strong>\r\nNu. Nu exist\u0103 dovezi despre utilitatea \u201epauzei\u201d. De fapt, o \u201epauz\u0103\u201d \u00een timpul utiliz\u0103rii COC poate s\u0103 duc\u0103 la apari\u0163ia unei sarcini nedorite. COC pot fi utilizate \u00een siguran\u0163\u0103 timp de mul\u0163i ani f\u0103r\u0103 a fi necesar\u0103 oprirea lor periodic\u0103.\r\n\r\n<strong>2. Dac\u0103 femeia a utilizat COC timp \u00eendelungat, va fi ea protejat\u0103 \u00eempotriva sarcinii \u015fi dup\u0103 ce opre\u015fte COC?<\/strong>\r\nNu. Femeia este protejat\u0103 doar at\u00e2t timp c\u00e2t ia pilulele cu regularitate.\r\n\r\n<strong>3. C\u00e2t timp dureaz\u0103 ca femeia s\u0103 r\u0103m\u00e2n\u0103 \u00eens\u0103rcinat\u0103 dup\u0103 oprirea COC?<\/strong>\r\nFemeile care opresc utilizarea COC pot r\u0103m\u00e2ne \u00eens\u0103rcinate la fel de repede ca \u015fi femeile care opresc metode nehormonale. COC nu \u00eent\u00e2rzie revenirea fertilit\u0103\u0163ii femeii dup\u0103 ce ea opre\u015fte utilizarea lor. Dup\u0103 ce femeia opre\u015fte utilizarea pilulelor, \u00een general ea va avea s\u00e2nger\u0103ri menstruale similare celor avute \u00eenainte de utilizarea COC. La unele femei, s\u00e2nger\u0103rile vaginale obi\u015fnuite pot s\u0103 revin\u0103 doar dup\u0103 c\u00e2teva luni.\r\n\r\n<strong>4. COC cauzeaz\u0103 avort?<\/strong>\r\nNu. Studiile asupra COC au ar\u0103tat c\u0103 acestea nu \u00eentrerup evolu\u0163ia unei sarcini deja existente. COC nu trebuie utilizate cu scopul de a \u00eencerca producerea unui avort. Ele nu vor produce avort.\r\n\r\n<strong>5. COC cauzeaz\u0103 anomalii congenitale? Va d\u0103una f\u0103tului faptul c\u0103 femeia utilizeaz\u0103 accidental COC \u00een timpul sarcinii?<\/strong>\r\nNu. Conform unor dovezi clare, COC nu vor cauza anomalii congenitale \u015fi nu vor d\u0103una f\u0103tului dac\u0103 femeia r\u0103m\u00e2ne \u00eens\u0103rcinat\u0103 \u00een timp ce utilizeaz\u0103 COC sau dac\u0103 \u00een mod accidental \u00eencepe s\u0103 utilizeze COC atunci c\u00e2nd este deja \u00eens\u0103rcinat\u0103.\r\n\r\n<strong>6. Pot COC cauza femeilor cre\u015fteri sau sc\u0103deri mari \u00een greutate?<\/strong>\r\nNu. Cele mai multe femei nu cresc \u015fi nu scad \u00een greutate datorit\u0103 COC. Greutatea se modific\u0103 \u00een mod firesc datorit\u0103 schimb\u0103rilor ce apar pe parcursul vie\u0163ii \u015fi datorit\u0103 \u00eenaint\u0103rii \u00een v\u00e2rst\u0103. Deoarece modific\u0103rile greut\u0103\u0163ii sunt at\u00e2t de frecvente, multe femei cred c\u0103 aceste cre\u015fteri sau sc\u0103deri \u00een greutate sunt produse de COC. Totu\u015fi, studiile arat\u0103 c\u0103, \u00een mod obi\u015fnuit, COC nu modific\u0103 greutatea. Pu\u0163ine femei prezint\u0103 modific\u0103ri bru\u015fte ale greut\u0103\u0163ii atunci c\u00e2nd utilizeaz\u0103 COC. Aceste modific\u0103ri sunt reversibile dup\u0103 oprirea utiliz\u0103rii COC. Nu se \u015ftie de ce aceste femei reac\u0163ioneaz\u0103 astfel la COC.\r\n\r\n<strong>7. Pot COC cauza femeilor modific\u0103ri ale dispozi\u0163iei generale sau ale libidoului?<\/strong>\r\n\u00cen general, nu. Unele femei care utilizeaz\u0103 COC relateaz\u0103 aceste tulbur\u0103ri. Totu\u015fi, marea majoritate a utilizatoarelor de COC nu relateaz\u0103 acest tip de modific\u0103ri; unele relateaz\u0103 ameliorarea at\u00e2t a dispozi\u0163iei generale c\u00e2t \u015fi a libidoului. Este dificil de apreciat dac\u0103 asemenea modific\u0103ri sunt datorate COC sau altor cauze. Furnizorii pot ajuta clientele cu astfel de probleme. Nu exist\u0103 dovezi privind modificarea de c\u0103tre COC a comportamentului sexual al femeii.\r\n\r\n<strong>8. Ce \u00eei poate spune furnizorul clientei care \u00eentreab\u0103 despre COC \u015fi cancerul de s\u00e2n?<\/strong>\r\nFurnizorul poate sublinia c\u0103 at\u00e2t utilizatoarele de COC c\u00e2t \u015fi femeile care nu utilizeaz\u0103 COC pot avea cancer de s\u00e2n. \u00cen studiile \u015ftiin\u0163ifice cancerul de s\u00e2n a fost ceva mai des \u00eent\u00e2lnit la femeile utilizatoare de COC \u015fi la cele care au utilizat COC \u00een ultimii 10 ani, comparativ cu alte femei.\u00a0Oamenii de \u015ftiin\u0163\u0103 nu \u015ftiu dac\u0103 COC au cauzat sau nu u\u015foara cre\u015ftere a num\u0103rului de cancere de s\u00e2n. Este posibil ca aceste cancere s\u0103 fi fost deja prezente \u00eenainte de utilizarea COC, dar au fost depistate mai\u00a0devreme la utilizatoarele de COC.\r\n\r\n<strong>9. Pot COC s\u0103 fie utilizate ca test de sarcin\u0103?<\/strong>\r\nNu. Femeia poate prezenta o oarecare s\u00e2ngerare vaginal\u0103 (o \u201es\u00e2ngerare de priva\u0163iune\u201d) ca urmare a lu\u0103rii mai multor COC sau a unui ciclu complet de COC, dar studiile arat\u0103 c\u0103 aceast\u0103 practic\u0103 nu identific\u0103 cu precizie dac\u0103 femeia este sau nu \u00eens\u0103rcinat\u0103. Astfel, a da unei femei\u00a0COC pentru a vedea dac\u0103 va s\u00e2ngera sau nu ulterior nu se recomand\u0103 ca modalitate de diagnostic a sarcinii. COC nu trebuie oferite femeilor ca test de sarcin\u0103 deoarece rezultatele nu vor fi corecte.\r\n\r\n<strong>10. Este necesar\u0103 examinarea ginecologic\u0103 \u00eenainte ca femeia s\u0103 \u00eenceap\u0103 utilizarea COC sau la consulta\u0163iile de control?<\/strong>\r\nNu. \u00cen schimb, punerea \u00eentreb\u0103rilor potrivite ne poate ajuta s\u0103 \u015ftim cu grad rezonabil de certitudine c\u0103 femeia nu este \u00eens\u0103rcinat\u0103. Nicio afec\u0163iune care ar putea fi depistat\u0103 prin examinare ginecologic\u0103 nu exclude utilizarea COC.\r\n\r\n<strong>11. Pot femeile care prezint\u0103 vene varicoase s\u0103 utilizeze COC?<\/strong>\r\nDa. COC sunt sigure pentru femeile care prezint\u0103 vene varicoase. Venele varicoase sunt vase de s\u00e2nge cu diametru m\u0103rit, aproape de suprafa\u0163a pielii. Ele nu sunt primejdioase. Ele nu sunt cheaguri de s\u00e2nge \u015fi aceste vene nu sunt nici venele profunde ale membrelor inferioare unde un cheag de s\u00e2nge poate fi primejdios (tromboz\u0103 venoas\u0103 profund\u0103). Femeia care are sau a avut tromboz\u0103 venoas\u0103 profund\u0103 nu trebuie s\u0103 utilizeze COC.\r\n\r\n<strong>12. Poate femeia s\u0103 utilizeze COC \u00een siguran\u0163\u0103 pe parcursul \u00eentregii ei perioade de fertilitate?<\/strong>\r\nDa. Nu exist\u0103 o v\u00e2rst\u0103 minim\u0103 sau maxim\u0103 pentru utilizarea COC. COC pot fi o metod\u0103 potrivit\u0103 pentru cele mai multe femei, de la debutul menstrua\u0163iei (menarha) p\u00e2n\u0103 la menopauz\u0103.\r\n\r\n<strong>13. Pot femeile care fumeaz\u0103 s\u0103 utilizeze COC \u00een siguran\u0163\u0103?<\/strong>\r\nFemeile fum\u0103toare cu v\u00e2rsta sub 35 de ani pot utiliza COC cu doze mici de hormoni. Femeile fum\u0103toare care au 35 de ani sau au dep\u0103\u015fit aceast\u0103 v\u00e2rst\u0103 trebuie s\u0103 aleag\u0103 o metod\u0103 f\u0103r\u0103 estrogen sau, dac\u0103 fumeaz\u0103 mai pu\u0163in de 15 \u0163ig\u0103ri pe zi, injectabile lunare. Femeile mai \u00een v\u00e2rst\u0103 care fumeaz\u0103 pot utiliza pilule numai cu progestativ, dac\u0103 ele prefer\u0103 pilulele. Toate femeile care fumeaz\u0103 trebuie \u00eendemnate s\u0103 opreasc\u0103 fumatul.\r\n\r\n<strong>14. Cum proced\u0103m dac\u0103 clienta dore\u015fte s\u0103 utilizeze COC dar nu putem \u015fti cu grad rezonabil de certitudine\u00a0<\/strong><strong>c\u0103 ea nu este \u00eens\u0103rcinat\u0103, dup\u0103 ce utiliz\u0103m lista de verificare a sarcinii?<\/strong>\r\nDac\u0103 testele de sarcin\u0103 nu sunt disponibile, femeia poate s\u0103 primeasc\u0103 COC, cu condi\u0163ia s\u0103 fie instruit\u0103 s\u0103 \u00eenceap\u0103 s\u0103 le utilizeze \u00een primele 5 zile dup\u0103 \u00eenceperea urm\u0103toarei ei menstrua\u0163ii. P\u00e2n\u0103 atunci, ea trebuie s\u0103 utilizeze o metod\u0103 contraceptiv\u0103 suplimentar\u0103.\r\n\r\n<strong>15. Pot fi COC utilizate ca pilule pentru contracep\u0163ia de urgen\u0163\u0103 (PCU) dup\u0103 contact sexual neprotejat?<\/strong>\r\nDa. C\u00e2t mai cur\u00e2nd posibil, dar nu mai t\u00e2rziu de 5 zile dup\u0103 contactul sexual neprotejat, femeia poate utiliza COC ca PCU. Totu\u015fi, pilulele numai cu progestativ sunt mai eficiente \u015fi produc mai rar efecte secundare precum gre\u0163uri \u015fi v\u0103rs\u0103turi.\r\n\r\n<strong>16. Care este diferen\u0163a \u00eentre pilulele monofazice, bifazice \u015fi trifazice?<\/strong>\r\nPilulele monofazice furnizeaz\u0103 aceea\u015fi cantitate de estrogen \u015fi progestativ prin fiecare pilul\u0103 cu hormoni. Pilulele bifazice \u015fi trifazice furnizeaz\u0103 cantit\u0103\u0163i diferite de estrogen \u015fi progestativ \u00een diferite perioade ale ciclului de pilule. La pilulele bifazice, primele 10 pilule con\u0163in o anumit\u0103 doz\u0103 de estrogen \u015fi progesteron, iar urm\u0103toarele 11 pilule o alt\u0103 doz\u0103. La pilulele trifazice, primele 7 pilule con\u0163in o anumit\u0103 doz\u0103 de estrogen \u015fi progesteron, urm\u0103toarele 7 pilule o alt\u0103 doz\u0103, \u015fi ultimele 7 pilule din nou o alt\u0103 doz\u0103. Toate previn sarcina \u00een acela\u015fi mod. Diferen\u0163ele \u00eentre ele, privind efectele secundare, eficien\u0163a \u015fi continuarea, par s\u0103 fie mici.\r\n\r\n<strong>17. Este important ca femeia s\u0103 ia COC la aceea\u015fi or\u0103 \u00een fiecare zi?<\/strong>\r\nDa, din 2 motive. Unele efecte secundare pot fi ameliorate prin luarea pilulei la aceea\u015fi or\u0103 \u00een fiecare zi. De asemenea, luarea pilulei la aceea\u015fi or\u0103 \u00een fiecare zi poate ajuta femeile s\u0103-\u015fi aminteasc\u0103 s\u0103 ia pilulele consecvent. De asemenea, asocierea lu\u0103rii pilulei cu alt\u0103 activitate zilnic\u0103 le ajut\u0103 pe femei s\u0103-\u015fi aminteasc\u0103 s\u0103 ia pilulele.\r\n\r\n[\/accordion-item][accordion-item title=\"<strong>Unde va adresa\u021bi<\/strong>\"]\r\n\r\nPentru o consulta\u021bie \u00een planificarea familial\u0103:\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Adresa\u021bi-v\u0103 medicului de familie din cadrul institu\u021biei medicale din raionul Dvs de re\u0219edin\u021b\u0103 (vezi <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/cidsr.md\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/09\/Lista-MF-instruiti-in-PF.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">aici<\/a><\/strong>). ATEN\u021aIE: daca apar\u021bine\u021bi unuia din grupurile social-vulnerabile (vezi <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/cidsr.md\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/ord-nr.-658-din-18.08.2015-Cu-privire-la-asigurarea-cu-contraceptive.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">aici<\/a><\/strong>) pute\u021bi beneficia de contraceptive gratuite!<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Adresa\u021bi-v\u0103 la <a href=\"http:\/\/new.neovita.md\/reteaua-cspt-2\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Centrele de S\u0103n\u0103tate Prietenoase Tinerilor<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li>Telefona\u021bi la Linia Fierbinte a CIDSR (apel gratuit \u0219i confiden\u021bial) - 0800-088-08<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Telefona\u021bi la CIDSR - 022355072 \/ 060903782 \/ 078306973<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Scrie\u021bi la adresa de e-mail CIDSR -<a href=\"mailto:cidsr2012@gmail.com\">cidsr2012@gmail.com<\/a><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<strong>\u00a0<\/strong>[\/accordion-item][\/accordion]\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<a href=\"https:\/\/cidsr.md\/planificarea-familiala\"><img class=\"size-full wp-image-958 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/cidsr.md\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/09\/\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435-\u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u044b.png\" alt=\"\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u044b\" width=\"100\" height=\"45\" \/><\/a>","_ro_post_name":"contraceptivele-orale-combinate","_ro_post_excerpt":"","_ro_post_title":"Contraceptivele orale combinate","edit_language":"en","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-10903","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v22.0 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Contraceptivele orale combinate - Centrul de Instruire \u00een Domeniul S\u0103n\u0103t\u0103\u0163ii Reproductive<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/cidsr.md\/resurses\/planificarea-familiala\/contraceptivele-orale-combinate\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Contraceptivele orale combinate - Centrul de Instruire \u00een Domeniul S\u0103n\u0103t\u0103\u0163ii Reproductive\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"What Are Combined Oral Contraceptives? Pills that contain low doses of 2 hormones\u2014a progestin and an estrogen\u2014like the natural hormones progesterone and estrogen in a woman\u2019s body. Combined oral contraceptives (COCs) are also called \u201cthe Pill,\u201d low-dose combined pills, OCPs, and OCs. Work primarily by preventing the release of eggs from the ovaries (ovulation). &nbsp; [&hellip;]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/cidsr.md\/resurses\/planificarea-familiala\/contraceptivele-orale-combinate\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Centrul de Instruire \u00een Domeniul S\u0103n\u0103t\u0103\u0163ii Reproductive\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2023-11-09T10:09:07+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/cidsr.md\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/09\/COC-300x190.jpg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"13 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/cidsr.md\/resurses\/planificarea-familiala\/contraceptivele-orale-combinate\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/cidsr.md\/resurses\/planificarea-familiala\/contraceptivele-orale-combinate\/\",\"name\":\"Contraceptivele orale combinate - Centrul de Instruire \u00een Domeniul S\u0103n\u0103t\u0103\u0163ii Reproductive\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/cidsr.md\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2023-11-03T16:15:37+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-11-09T10:09:07+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/cidsr.md\/resurses\/planificarea-familiala\/contraceptivele-orale-combinate\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/cidsr.md\/resurses\/planificarea-familiala\/contraceptivele-orale-combinate\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/cidsr.md\/resurses\/planificarea-familiala\/contraceptivele-orale-combinate\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"\u0413\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0430\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/new.cidsr.md\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Resurse\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/cidsr.md\/resurses\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":3,\"name\":\"\u041f\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0435\u043c\u044c\u0438\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/cidsr.md\/ru\/%d1%80%d0%b5%d1%81%d1%83%d1%80%d1%81%d1%8b\/planificarea-familiala\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":4,\"name\":\"Contraceptivele orale combinate\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/cidsr.md\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/cidsr.md\/\",\"name\":\"Centrul de Instruire \u00een Domeniul S\u0103n\u0103t\u0103\u0163ii Reproductive\",\"description\":\"Promov\u0103m s\u0103n\u0103tatea \u0219i drepturile sexuale \u0219i reproductive!\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/cidsr.md\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":\"required name=search_term_string\"}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Contraceptivele orale combinate - Centrul de Instruire \u00een Domeniul S\u0103n\u0103t\u0103\u0163ii Reproductive","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/cidsr.md\/resurses\/planificarea-familiala\/contraceptivele-orale-combinate\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Contraceptivele orale combinate - Centrul de Instruire \u00een Domeniul S\u0103n\u0103t\u0103\u0163ii Reproductive","og_description":"What Are Combined Oral Contraceptives? Pills that contain low doses of 2 hormones\u2014a progestin and an estrogen\u2014like the natural hormones progesterone and estrogen in a woman\u2019s body. Combined oral contraceptives (COCs) are also called \u201cthe Pill,\u201d low-dose combined pills, OCPs, and OCs. 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